Included in the formulation
АТХ:N.01.B.B.08 Articaine
Pharmacodynamics:It binds to sodium channels in the activated state and blocks the entry of sodium ions into the cell, preventing the development of membrane depolarization. In violation of the development of depolarization, the excitation of the nerve fiber is blocked. Inhibits excitability and conductivity of the myocardium. The onset of the drug after the administration is noted after 1-5 minutes, the duration of action is 1-3 hours. In an acidic environment, the therapeutic effect is reduced.
Pharmacokinetics:With intramuscular injection, the maximum concentration is reached after 30-40 minutes.
Half-life is about 1-2 hours.
Relationship with blood proteins 60-80%.
Penetrates through the blood-brain and placental barrier. It is biotransformed by carboxyesterase in the blood plasma, isoenzymes of cytochrome P450 of the liver to artic acid, it is eliminated by the kidneys for 6 hours - 2-5% unchanged.
Indications:It is used in dentistry, as well as for conductive anesthesia.
XXI.Z00-Z13.Z01.2 Dental examination
XXI.Z40-Z54.Z46.3 Fitting and fitting the denture device
Contraindications:Individual intolerance.
Carefully:With a deficiency of cholinesterase, kidney failure, bronchial asthma.
Pregnancy and lactation:Recommendations for FDA - Category C. There were no controlled studies on humans. Used for emergency surgeries. Data on ingestion in breast milk is not found, no information on harmful effects on the child is described. To interrupt breastfeeding with articaine is sufficient for 4 hours after the administration of the drug.
Dosing and Administration:Extraction of the teeth: submucosal injection of 1.5 ml per tooth.
When turning teeth for crowns, 0.5-1 ml per tooth, not more than 7 mg / kg.
Sewing of the perineal wounds: 5-15 ml.
Fracture correction: 5-20 ml.
Conducting anesthesia according to Oberst: 2-4 ml, intercostal - up to 4 ml per segment, paravertebral - up to 10 ml, peridural - up to 30 ml, paracervical - 10 ml in each side.
The highest daily dose: for adults - 7 mg / kg (0.175 ml / kg), children under 12 years - 5 mg / kg.
The highest single dose: for adults - 7 mg / kg (0.175 ml / kg), children under 12 years - 5 mg / kg.
Side effects:Central and peripheral nervous system: headache, impaired consciousness and breathing, tremor, convulsions.
Cardiovascular system: arterial hypotension, arrhythmia.
Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
Analyzers: diplopia, transient loss of vision.
Local reactions: edema at the injection site, necrosis - with accidental ingestion of the drug into the vessels.
Allergic reactions.
Overdose:Motor excitement, dizziness, collapsoid condition.
Treatment: discontinuation of drug administration, control of respiratory rate, heart rate and blood pressure.
With convulsive syndrome - intravenous (slow) administration of short-acting barbiturates with oxygen supply. When the patient is in a serious condition - endotracheal intubation, artificial ventilation, anti-shock measures. Contraindicated the introduction of central analeptics.
Interaction:The action of the drug is prolonged with the use of vasoconstrictors (epinephrine). When methoxamine is used, due to a longer effect, microcirculation disorders can occur up to the development of gangrene.
Special instructions:Intravenous administration of the drug is inadmissible - it is necessary to perform an aspiration test!
The drug does not affect the fetus at any dosage and administration technique.
For multiple use of the drug on the label of the bottle, the date of dissection is marked - application after two days is prohibited. Opened ampoules are not subject to storage.