Antiviral drug.
In pre-clinical and clinical studies, the effectiveness of Ingavirin® against influenza A (A (H1N1)) viruses, incl."pork" A (H1N1) pdm09, A (H3N2), A (H5N1)) and type B, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus; in preclinical studies: coronavirus, metapneumovirus, enteroviruses, including the Coxsackie virus and rhinovirus.
Ingavirin ® helps to accelerate the elimination of viruses, reduce the duration of the disease, reduce the risk of complications.
The mechanism of action is realized at the level of infected cells due to stimulation of the factors of innate immunity, suppressed by viral proteins. In experimental studies, in particular, it was shown that the Ingavirin® preparation increases the expression of IFNAR-1 interferon receptor on the surface of epithelial and immunocompetent cells. An increase in the density of interferon receptors leads to an increase in the sensitivity of cells to the signals of endogenous interferon. The process is accompanied by the activation (phosphorylation) of the transmitting protein STAT1, which transmits the signal to the nucleus of the cell to induce antiviral genes. It is shown that under the conditions of infection the preparation stimulates the production of the antiviral effector protein MxA, which inhibits the intracellular transport of ribonucleoproteins of various viruses, slowing the process of viral replication.
Preparation Ingavirin causes an increase in the content of interferon in the blood to the physiological norm, stimulates and normalizes the reduced α-interferon producing ability of blood leukocytes, stimulates γ-interferon producing ability of leukocytes. Causes the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes and increases the content of NK-T cells, which have a high killer activity in relation to virus-infected cells.
The anti-inflammatory effect is due to the suppression of the production of key pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6)), a decrease in the activity of myeloperoxidase.
In experimental studies, it has been shown that sharing the drug Ingavirin® with antibiotics increases the effectiveness of therapy on a model of bacterial sepsis, including those caused by penicillin-resistant strains and staphylococcus.
The conducted experimental toxicological studies indicate a low level of toxicity AND high profile of drug safety.
According to the acute toxicity parameters, Ingavirin ® belongs to the 4th toxicity class - "Malotoxic substances" (when determining LD50 in experiments on acute toxicity lethal doses of the drug could not be determined).
The drug does not have mutagenic, immunotoxic, allergic and carcinogenic properties, does not have a local irritant effect. Ingavirin ® does not affect reproductive function, does not have embryotoxic and teratogenic effects.
Efficacy in children
In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to assess the clinical efficacy and safety Ingavirin drug in a daily dose of 60 mg for the treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in 180 children aged 13-17 years it has shown that the drug Ingavirin significantly superior to placebo, faster normalizing body temperature, stopping intoxication, fever, catarrhal phenomena.
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to assess the clinical efficacy and safety Ingavirin drug in a daily dose of 60 mg for the treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in 310 children aged 7-12 years showed that the drug Yinggavirin® has significantly greater efficacy compared with placebo and provides a faster (an average of 18 hours) reductionbody temperature and the disappearance of symptoms of intoxication (sore throat, perspiration, swallowing pain, nasal congestion, runny nose).