Interferon alfa-2b inhibits the replication of viruses, disrupts the synthesis of viral DNA, RNA and viral proteins. The drug increases the phagocytic activity of macrophages, potentiates the cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes. It shows pronounced antitumor activity due to antiproliferative properties.
Metronidazole - the drug is active against Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, as well as for anaerobic bacteria. The drug is resistant to aerobic microorganisms.
Enzyme systems of anaerobic bacteria and microaerophilic intracavitary parasites restore the nitro group of metronidazole (the nitro group of the metronidazole molecule is the electron acceptor). Refurbished metronidazole is built into the respiratory chain of protozoa and anaerobes, preventing the action of flavoproteins - carriers of electrons. As a result, respiratory processes are violated, which leads to cell death. In addition, in some species of anaerobes and protozoa in the reduction of the nitro group metronidazole promotes the formation of free radicals that damage DNA.
Fluconazole is an antifungal agent. The triazole derivative exhibits an antifungal effect by blocking the biosynthesis of the ergosterol of the fungal cell membrane. "Target" for the action of the drug - enzyme 14-α-demethylase. 14-α-demethylase is part of a group of enzymes known collectively "cytochrome P450 ". All enzymes of the cytochrome P450 group contain a hematinic iron-containing pigment. Fluconazole binds to the iron atom of the hematinic group and inactivates 14-α-demethylase, which leads to a disruption in the synthesis of ergosterol and the accumulation of lanosterol and other sterols. Their incorporation into the membrane instead of ergosterol significantly disrupts the structure and function of the fungal cell membrane.
The decrease in the synthesis of ergosterol, as well as the accumulation of 14α-methylsterols, destroys the densely packed acyl chains of the phospholipids of the fungal membranes. Destabilization of the fungal membrane leads to dysfunction of membrane enzymes, including those involved in the electron transport chain, and ultimately to cell death.
Fluconazole has a highly specific fungicidal (antifungal) action. It is active in mycosis, including caused by Candida spp.(including generalized forms of candidiasis on the background of immunodepression), Cryptococcus neoformans and Coccidioides immitis, Microsporum spp., Blastomyces dermatitidis. When intravaginal application is particularly active in relation to Candida albicans, to a lesser extent - in relation to Candida glabrata.