The most common adverse reactions with Halaven therapy® include suppression of bone marrow function, expressed in neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia with concomitant infections.Also, new manifestations or worsening of previously existing peripheral neuropathy were reported. Gastrointestinal toxicity, manifested in the form of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and stomatitis also refers to the side effects of therapy with the drug Halaven®. Other side effects include fatigue, alopecia, increased hepatic enzyme levels, sepsis and musculoskeletal pain.
Table 2 shows the incidence of adverse events observed in 1503 patients with breast cancer who received the recommended dose of the drug Halaven® in five Phase II studies and two Phase III studies.
To indicate the frequency of adverse events, the following classification is used: very often (> 1/10 cases); often (> 1/100, <1/10); infrequently (> 1/1000, <1/100); rarely (> 1/10000, <1/1000); very rarely (<1/10000).
Within each group, side effects are presented in descending order of frequency. If applicable, the total and summary incidence of 3rd and 4th degree incidence are shown.
table 2
Systems bodies | Highly often | Often | Infrequently | Rarely |
Infectious and parasitic diseases | | Infection Urinary tract (8,0%) (G3 / 4 0,5%) Pneumonia (1,2%) (G3 / 4 0,8%) Candidiasis oral cavity Herpes mucous shells oral cavity Infection upper respiratory tract Nasopharyngitis Rhinitis | Sepsis (0,5%) (G3 / 4 0,2%)a Neutropenic sepsis (0,1%) (G3 / 4 0,1%) Shingles | |
Violations of the blood and lymphatic system | Neutropenia (57.0%) (G3 / 4 49,7%) Leukopenia (29.3%) (G3 / 4 17,3%) Anemia (20,6%) (G3 / 4 2.0%) | Lymphopenia (4.9%) (G3 / 4 1,4%) Febrile neutropenia (4.7%) (G3 / 4 4,5%)a Thrombocytopenia (4.3%) (G3 / 4 0,7%) | | Disseminated Intravascular blood coagulation b |
Disorders of metabolism and nutrition | Decreased appetite (21.9%) (G3 / 4 0.7%) | Hypokalemia (6.1%) (G3 / 4 1.7%) Hypomagnesemia (2.9%) (G3 / 4 0.2%) Dehydration (2.8%) (G3 / 4 0,5%) Hyperglycaemia Hypophosphatemia | | |
Violations psyche | | Insomnia Depression | | |
Infringements from nervous systems | Peripheral neypopathy c (35,6%) (G3 / 4 7.6%) Headache (17.2%) (G3 / 4 0.8%) | Dysgeusia Dizziness (7,9%) (G3 / 4 0.5%) Hypesesia Lethargy Neurotoxicity | | |
Disturbances on the part of the organ of sight | | Increased lacrimation (6,0%) (G3 / 4 0.1%) Conjunctivitis | | |
Hearing and labyrinthine disorders violations | | Vertigo | Tinnitus | |
Heart Disease | | Tachycardia | | |
Violations from hand vessels | | "Tides" | Thrombosis deep veins Thromboembolism pulmonary arteries | |
Disturbances from respiratory system, chest and mediastinum | Dispnoe (13,9%) (G3 / 4 3,1%) a Cough (13,6%) (G3 / 4 0.6%) | Oropharyngeal pain Nasal bleeding Rhinorrhea | | Interstitial lung diseases |
Disorders from the gastro- intestinal tract | Nausea (33,8%) (G3 / 4 1.1%) Constipation (19,6%) (G3 / 4 0.6%) Diarrhea (17,9%) (G3 / 4 0.8%) Vomiting (17,6%) (G3 / 4 0.9%) | Abdominal pain Stomatitis (9,3%) (G3 / 4 0.8%) Dryness oral cavities Dyspepsia (5,9%) (G3 / 4 0.2%) Gastroesophageal reflux disease Ulceration of the mucosa shells oral cavities Blowing belly | | Pancreatitis b |
Disturbances from the liver and bile ducts | | Increase activity alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (7,6%) (G3 / 4 2,1 %) d Increase activity aspartate aminotransferase (ACT) (7,4%) (G3 / 4 1.5%) Increase in activity of gamma glutamyl transferase (1,8%) (G3 / 4 0.9%) Hyperbilirubinemia (1.5%) (G3 / 4 0.3%) | Hepatotoxicity (1.0%) (G3 / 4 0.6%) | |
Disturbances from the skin of the second subcutaneous tissue | Alopecia | Rash Itching (3.9%) (G3 / 4 0.1%) Defeat nails Night sweating Dryness leather Erythema Hyperhidrosis | The palm- plantar erythrosis | Angioneurotic edema |
Disturbances from the musculoskeletal and connective fabrics | Arthralgia and myalgia (19.4%) (G3 / 4 1.1%) Backache (13,0%) (G3 / 4 1.5%) Pain in the extremities (10.0%) (G3 / 4 0.7%) | Pain in the bones (9,6%) (G3 / 4 1.7%) Muscle spasm (5,1%) (G3 / 4 0.1%) Musculo-skeletal pain and pain in the chest Muscular weakness | | |
Disorders from the kidneys and urinary tract | | Dizuria | Hematuria Proteinuria Renal failure | |
General disorders and violations at the site of administration | Fatigue and asthenia (47,9%) (G3 / 4 7.8%) Fever (20,4%) (G3 / 4 0.6%) | Inflammation of mucous membranes (8,3%) (G3 / 4 1.1%) d Peripheral Edema Pain Chills Chest pain Flu-like syndrome | | |
Laboratory and instrumental data | Decreased body weight (11.3%) (G3 / 4 0.3%) | | | |
a Including 1 or 2 cases of the 5th degree.
b Spontaneous messages.
from Including terms: peripheral neuropathy, peripheral motor neuropathy, polyneuropathy, paresthesia, peripheral sensory neuropathy, peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, and demyelinating polyneuropathy.
d Only degree 3.
Additional information on some side effects
Neutropenia
The observed neutropenia was reversible and non-cumulative. The mean time to the expected minimum number of neutrophils (nadir) was 13 days, and the mean time to recovery from severe neutropenia (AFN <0.5 x 109/ l) was 8 days.
In the EMBRACE study, a reduction in the number of neutrophils to <0.5 x 10%, lasting more than 7 days, occurred in 13% of cases.
In case of severe neutropenia, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or its analogue can be assigned according to the decision of the attending physician and in accordance with current recommendations.
Neutropenia led to the cessation of participation in the study of less than 1% of patients receiving eribulin.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation of blood
Cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation, commonly associated with neutropenia and / or sepsis, have been reported.
Peripheral Neuropathy
Among 1503 patients with breast cancer, peripheral neuropathy (3.3%) was the most common side effect leading to the elimination of eribulin therapy. The median before the appearance of peripheral neuropathy of the 2nd degree was 85.5 days (after 4 cycles). The development of peripheral neuropathy of degree 3 and 4 occurred in 7.7% of patients. In clinical studies, it was shown that in patients with neuropathy prior to initiating therapy with Halaven®, there was no greater risk of developing new or worsening of existing symptoms, in contrast to patients who did not have peripheral neuropathy prior to initiating therapy with Halaven®.
In patients with previous peripheral neuropathy 1 or 2 degrees, the incidence of peripheral neuropathy of grade 3 in the treatment with Halaven® was 14%.
Hepatotoxicity
In some patients, an increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes at the beginning of treatment with erybulin (most often in 1-2 cycles) was observed. Although this was most likely due to the adaptation of the liver to treatment with erybulin, hepatotoxicity was also reported.
Additional safety information for specific patient groups
Elderly patients
The safety profile of eribulin in elderly patients (over 65 years) is similar to the profile of drug safety in a younger population, with the exception of fatigue and asthenia, which increased with age. There are no special recommendations for dose reduction in elderly patients.
Patients with hepatic insufficiency
With ALT or ACT activity exceeding the upper limit of the norm more than three times, the patient has a risk of developing grade 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia. At bilirubin values that exceed the upper limit of the norm by more than one and a half times, the risk of developing grade 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia also increases, although the data supporting this dependence are limited.
Announcement of unwanted reactions It is extremely important to notify of undesirable reactions that occurred during the post-marketing use of the drug. This will control the ratio of the benefits and risks of the drug. Please inform medical workers of any undesired reactions.