Most side effects are dose-dependent. The incidence of side effects and their intensity are most pronounced in the early stages of treatment and decrease with the continuation of therapy.
Information on the incidence of side effects is presented on the basis of literature data and spontaneous reports. The frequency is indicated as: very often (≥1 / 10), often (from ≥1 / 100 to <1/10), infrequently (from 1/1000 to <1/100), rarely (from ≥1 / 10000 to <1 / 1000), very rarely (<1/10000), or unknown (can not be estimated based on existing data).
From the nervous system: very often - drowsiness, akathisia, hyperkinesis, hypokinesia; often - a tremor, a dystonia, a muscular hypertonus, a giddiness, a headache, paresthesias, infringements of attention, an amnesia,violation of gait; infrequently - tardive dyskinesia, hyperreflexia, parkinsonism, fainting, speech disorders, dyskinesia, ataxia, hypotension, convulsive disorders, migraine; very rarely - malignant neuroleptic syndrome.
From the side of mental activity: often - insomnia, depression, anxiety, nervousness, agitation, unusual dreams, decreased libido; infrequently - apathy, increased libido, nightmarish dreams, confusion.
From the cardiovascular system: often tachycardia, palpitation; infrequently - lowering blood pressure, "hot flashes"; rarely - an extended QT interval on an electrocardiogram; very rarely venous thromboembolism.
On the part of the organs of vision: often - a violation of accommodation, visual impairment; infrequently - mydriasis (dilated pupil), involuntary movement of eyeballs.
From the side of the organ of hearing and labyrinth: often - dizziness; infrequently - a hyperacusion, a noise in the ears.
From the respiratory system: often shortness of breath, nasal congestion.
From the digestive system: very often - dry mouth; often - increased salivation, constipation, vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea; infrequently - pain in the abdomen, nausea, flatulence.
Metabolic disorders and eating disorders: often - increased appetite, weight gain; infrequent - loss of appetite, weight loss; rarely - hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia.
On the part of the reproductive system: infrequently - violations of ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, violation of orgasm in women, vulvovaginal dryness; rarely - galactorrhea, gynecomastia, amenorrhea, priapism.
From the urinary system: often painful urination, urinary retention, polyuria.
Hepatic and hepatobiliary disorders: infrequently - changes in laboratory parameters of liver function; very rarely - cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice.
From the endocrine system: rarely - hyperprolactinaemia.
From the blood and lymphatic system: rarely thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis.
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue: often - hyperhidrosis, itching; infrequently - photosensitivity, pigmentation disorder, seborrhea, skin rash, dermatitis, purpura.
From the musculoskeletal system: often - myalgia; infrequently - muscular rigidity, trismus, torticollis.
From the immune system: rarely - hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reactions.
On the part of the body as a whole: often - asthenia, fatigue, malaise, pain; infrequently - thirst, hypothermia, pyrexia.
Extrapyramidal disorders may occur, especially in the early stages of treatment. In most cases, these side effects are successfully controlled by reducing the dose and / or using antiparkinsonian drugs. However, routine use of anti-Parkinsonics to prevent side effects is not recommended. They do not relieve the manifestations of tardive dyskinesia and can worsen them. It is recommended that the dose be reduced or, if possible, discontinuation of therapy with zuclopentixol. With persistent akathisia, benzodiazepines may be useful or propranolol.
When receiving zuclopenthixol also been reported the following side effects that occur when taking other antipsychotics: in rare cases, lengthening the interval QT, ventricular arrhythmia - tachycardia and fibrillation, sudden death, cardiac arrest and the development of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia (torsade des pointes).
A sharp discontinuation of zuclopentixol administration may be accompanied by the occurrence of withdrawal reactions.The most common symptoms are nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, sweating, myalgia, paresthesia, insomnia, nervousness, anxiety and agitation. Patients may also experience dizziness, sensations of heat and cold, tremor. Symptoms usually begin within 1-4 days after cancellation and decrease within 7-14 days.