The following side effects are associated with the pharmacological action of leuprorelin on steroidogenesis:
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (including cysts and polyps): effect of "tumor outbreak", progression of prostate cancer.
From the side of metabolism: increase / decrease in body weight.
From the nervous system: headache, muscle weakness, loss or decrease of sexual desire, increased sexual desire.
From the cardiovascular system: vasodilation, hot flashes, lowering of arterial pressure, orthostatic hypotension.
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue: dry skin, hyperhidrosis, rash, hives, abnormal hair growth, hair disorders, night sweats, hypotrichosis, pigmentation disorders, cold sweat, hirsutism.
On the part of the reproductive system: gynecomastia, tenderness of the mammary glands, erectile dysfunction, pain in the testicles, enlargement of the mammary glands, pain in the mammary glands, pain in the prostate gland, swelling of the penis, testicular atrophy.
Other: an increase in the concentration of PSA (prostate-specific antigen), a decrease in bone density, dryness of the mucous membranes.
Long exposure (6-12 months): diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, increased total cholesterol concentration, increased concentrations of low density lipoproteins (LDL), increased triglyceride concentrations, and osteoporosis.
Below are the side effects observed in clinical studies and post-marketing observations. For most side effects, the cause-and-effect relationship with taking the drug has not been established.
In most patients in the first week of treatment, the testosterone concentration rises, and by the end of the second week - decreases to baseline or lower.
In patients with metastases in the vertebrae and / or urinary tract obstruction or hematuria, symptoms may increase in the first few weeks of treatment, which can lead to neurologic disorders, such as temporary weakness and / or paresthesia of the lower extremities, or aggravation of urination disorders.
Infections and infestations: infection, including infection of the urinary tract, pharyngitis, pneumonia.
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (including cysts and polyps): skin cancer.
From the side of the blood and lymphatic system: anemia.
From the immune system: anaphylactic reactions.
From the endocrine system: goiter, apoplexy of the pituitary gland.
From the side of metabolism: diabetes, increased appetite, hypoglycemia, dehydration, hyperlipidemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoproteinemia, excessive weight gain.
From the nervous system: mood swings, nervousness, decreased / increased sex drive, insomnia, sleep disorders, depression, anxiety, delirium, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, dizziness, headache, including migraine, paresthesia, lethargy, memory disorders, dysgeusia, hypoesthesia, peripheral neuropathy, cerebrovascular disorders, loss of consciousness, including fainting, transient ischemic attack, neuromyopathy, convulsions, paralysis.
From the sense organs: visual impairment, including amblyopia, dry eyes, ringing in the ears, hearing impairment.
From the cardiovascular system: heart failure, including congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, tachycardia, bradycardia, sudden cardiac death, lymphedema, increased blood pressure,phlebitis, thrombosis, lowering of arterial pressure, varicose veins.
On the part of the respiratory system: pleural friction noise, pulmonary fibrosis, epistaxis, dyspnea, hemoptysis, cough, pleural effusion, pulmonary infiltration, respiratory disorders, nasal congestion, acute pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, interstitial lung disease.
On the part of the digestive system: constipation, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, bloating, diarrhea, dysphagia, dryness of the oral mucosa, duodenal ulcer, peptic ulcer, rectal polyp, liver function disorder, jaundice.
From the skin and subcutaneous fat: alopecia, ecchymosis, rash, dry skin, photosensitization reactions, urticaria, hyperhidrosis, dermatitis, hair growth disorders, itching, night sweats, hypotrichosis, pigmentation disorders, skin damage.
From the musculoskeletal system: myalgia, decreased bone density, arthropathy, arthralgia, ankylosing spondylitis, tenosynovitis.
From the genitourinary system: urinary incontinence, pollakiuria, imperative urges to urinate, hematuria, urinary retention, bladder spasm, urinary tract disorders, urinary tract obstruction, gynecomastia, breast tenderness, erectile dysfunction, testicular atrophy, testicular pain, chest pain, swelling of the penis, pain in the prostate gland.
Other: pain, edema, peripheral edema, asthenia, fatigue, fever, reactions at the injection site, chills, nodules in the larynx, thirst, inflammation, retroperitoneal fibrosis, vertebral fracture.
Deviations of laboratory indicators: increasing the concentration of blood urea nitrogen, increasing the concentration of uric acid, increasing the concentration of blood creatinine, increasing the concentration of calcium in the blood, disturbances in the electrocardiogram, signs of myocardial ischemia on the ECG, deviation from the norm of the results of functional liver tests, a decrease in the number of platelets, a decrease in the concentration of potassium in the blood, an increase in the number of leukocytes, a decrease in the number of leukocytes, an increase in prothrombin time, increased activated partial thromboplastin time, increased activity of "hepatic" transaminases,noise in the heart, increasing the concentration of low-density lipoproteins, increasing the concentration of triglycerides in the blood, increasing the concentration of bilirubin in the blood.