Included in the formulation
АТХ:N.01.A.B.06 Isoflurane
Pharmacodynamics:Causes rapid onset of general anesthesia, moderate relaxation, weakening of the laryngeal and pharyngeal reflexes. With an increase in the depth of anesthesia, the blood pressure decreases proportionally: it decreases in the induction stage, it normalizes in the phase of surgical anesthesia, it decreases significantly when general anesthesia deepens. It does not change the heart rate, it weakens independent breathing. In a state of general deep anesthesia, cerebral blood flow increases, which can provoke an increase in cerebrospinal fluid pressure. With sustained breathing and an adequate partial pressure of oxygen, the minute volume of circulation does not depend on the depth of anesthesia. Does not cause excessive secretion of salivary and tracheobronchial glands. Slightly increases the sensitivity of the myocardium to catecholamines. Depth of anesthesia is easily regulated.
Pharmacokinetics:The surgical stage of anesthesia is achieved in 7-10 minutes.
The maximum concentration of inorganic fluoride in blood plasma is much less than 5 mmol / l (determined within 4 hours after anesthesia and returns to normal within 24 hours).
It is withdrawn through the respiratory tract, after anesthesia about 0.17% of the dose is found in the urine in the form of metabolites.
Indications:In combination with oxygen it is used for inhalation anesthesia during surgical operations in the conditions of general anesthesia, for analgesia and anesthesia in obstetrical practice for cesarean section and during short-term interventions.
XXI.Z40-Z54.Z51.4 Preparatory procedures for subsequent treatment, not elsewhere classified
XXI.Z100.Z100 * CLASS XXII Surgical Practice
Contraindications:Presence in the anamnesis of malignant hyperthermia, individual intolerance.
Carefully:Intracranial hypertension, children under 2 years.
Pregnancy and lactation:Recommendations for FDA - Category C. It is used in pregnancy and lactation by life indications.
Dosing and Administration:In a mixture with oxygen using an apparatus for anesthesia, equipped with a special evaporator.
Concentration of the drug with an initial anesthesia: 0.05% by volume, supporting - 0.5-3% by volume.
In obstetrics at delivery: 0.25-2 vol.%.
Maximum concentration: 4.5% by volume.
Side effects:Central and peripheral nervous system: rarely a tremor during awakening.
Respiratory system: in the induction phase - cough, laryngospasm, in the stage of surgical anesthesia, respiratory depression is possible.
The cardiovascular system: arterial hypotension, rarely - heart rhythm disturbances.
The system of hematopoiesis: leukocytosis.
Digestive system: rarely - nausea, vomiting during awakening.
Allergic reactions.
Overdose:Cases of overdose are not described.
Treatment is symptomatic.
Interaction:Strengthens the action of muscle relaxants (mostly nondepolarizing).
Special instructions:When using isoflurane, continuous monitoring of blood pressure and external respiration rates is recommended.
To correct arterial hypotension and to prevent respiratory depression due to the deepening of the level of general anesthesia, supportive measures may be required.