Included in the formulation
АТХ:N.07.B.A Drugs used in nicotine addiction
N.07.B.A.01 Nicotine
Pharmacodynamics:Influences on peripheral and central n-holinoretseptory: in low concentration excites them, in high - blocks.The excitation phase arises from the depolarization of ganglionic neuronal membranes. The phase of oppression is associated with the competitive antagonism of acetylcholine.
In the central nervous system promotes the release of acetylcholine, serotonin, noradrenaline. Reduces the secretion of somatotropic hormone and gonadotropins, increases - antidiuretic hormone and catecholamines. Promotes the release of endorphins. By stimulation of the sino-carotid zone, the respiratory center is indirectly stimulated.
It is used to get rid of nicotine addiction, prevents the development of withdrawal syndrome in people who have stopped smoking. Multiple use provides the usual nicotine content in the blood.
Pharmacokinetics:After the beginning of chewing is absorbed in the mucous membrane of the mouth. The maximum concentration in the blood plasma is reached after 30 minutes. Bioavailability is 50%.
Metabolism in the liver. Penetrates through the placental barrier and enters the breast milk.
Half-life is 2 hours. Elimination by the kidneys.
Indications:It is used to alleviate the withdrawal syndrome associated with cessation of tobacco smoking.
V.F10-F19.F17.9 Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of tobacco - mental disorder and behavioral disorder, unspecified
Contraindications:Unstable angina, individual intolerance.
Carefully:Stomatitis, esophagitis, a recently transferred myocardial infarction.
Pregnancy and lactation:Recommendations for FDA - category D. Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.
Dosing and Administration:The dose is selected individually and is related to the degree of dependence on tobacco.
Side effects:Central and peripheral nervous system: dizziness, anxiety, headache, nervousness.
Respiratory system: cough, hiccough.
The cardiovascular system: arrhythmia.
Digestive system: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flatulence.
Allergic reactions.
Overdose:Lethal dose of 60 mg. Vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, hypotension, dyspnea, respiratory failure.
Treatment is symptomatic.
Interaction:Enhances the effects of nicotinic acid.
Special instructions:When there is pain behind the sternum in patients with ischemic heart disease, it is recommended that the drug be discontinued.