Praziquantel (Praziquantelum)

Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Indications Carefully Contraindications Dosing and Administration Side effects
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Clinical and pharmacological group: & nbsp

Anthelmintic agents

Included in the formulation
  • Biltricide®
    pills inwards 
    Bayer Schering Pharma AG     Germany
    • Included in the list (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2782-r of 30.12.2014):

    VED

    АТХ:

    P.02.B.A.01   Praziquantel

    Pharmacodynamics:

    In low doses, the drug causes increase the permeability of the tegument for calcium ions and as a result - a prolonged muscle contraction and spastic paralysis.

    In higher doses, the drug leads toThe destruction of the tegument (outer shell) of parasites, the exposure of parasitic antigens and the launch of an immune response of the host.

    Pharmacokinetics:

    The drug is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Maximum concentration is achieved after 1-3 hours. The connection with plasma proteins is 80%. Metabolized in the liver, the half-life is 0.8-1.5 hours for the drug and 4-6 hours for its metabolites. Excreted mainly by the kidneys in the form of metabolites, a smaller amount is excreted by the gastrointestinal tract.

    Indications:
    • Various schistosomiasis
    • Neurocysticercosis
    • Hepatic trematodes (clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis)
    • Intestinal trematodes (fasciolopsidosis, metagnonimosis)
    • Pulmonary trematodes (paragonymosis)
    • Blood trematodes: genito-urinary, Japanese, intestinal, Mekong schistosomiasis
    • Cestodoza: hymenolepiasis, diphyllobothriasis, teniarinhoz, teniosis, cysticercosis
    ICD-10

    I.B65-B83.B65   Schistosomiasis [bilharziasis]

    I.B65-B83.B66.0   Opisthorchiasis

    I.B65-B83.B66.1   Clonorchosis

    I.B65-B83.B66.3   Fasciolus

    I.B65-B83.B66.4   Paragonymosis

    I.B65-B83.B66.5   Fasciolopsidosis

    I.B65-B83.B66.8   Invasions caused by other flukes

    I.B65-B83.B68   Teniosis

    I.B65-B83.B69   Cysticercosis

    I.B65-B83.B69.0   Cysticercosis of the central nervous system

    I.B65-B83.B70.0   Diphyllobothriasis

    I.B65-B83.B71.0   Hymenolepidosis

    Contraindications:
    • Hypersensitivity
    • I trimester of pregnancy
    • Cysticercosis of the eye
    • Lactation
    • Age to 4 years
    • Diseases of the liver, including cystic liver disease
    Carefully:

    II and III trimester of pregnancy. Hepatic insufficiency, hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.

    Pregnancy and lactation:

    Category FDA - B. The drug is contraindicated in I trimester of pregnancy and when breastfeeding. In the second and third trimester, use is possible if the expected effect of therapy exceeds the potential risk to the fetus (adequate and strictly controlled safety studies have not been performed).

    Dosing and Administration:

    The dosage is established by the attending physician depending on the type of pathogen. Single dose - 10-50 mg / kg.

    Hepatic trematodes (clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis): 75 mg / kg once, dividing the dose into 3 divided doses.

    Intestinal trematodes (fasciolopsidosis, metagnonimosis): 75 mg / kg once, dividing the dose into 3 divided doses.

    Pulmonary trematodes (paragonimosis): 75 mg / kg, dividing the dose into 3 divided doses; course of treatment - 2 days.

    In schistosomiasias caused by Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma intercalatum: once 40 mg / kg for 1 dose or dividing the dose into 2 divided doses of 20 mg / kg. In schistosomiasias caused by Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi: once in a dose of 60 mg / kg, divided into 2 doses.

    Cestodoza: hymenolepiasis - 25 mg / kg once; diphyllobothriasis, teniarinhoz, teniosis, cysticercosis; neurocysticercosis - 10-20 mg / kg once.

    Inside. Tablets are not chewed, taken after meals and washed down with a small amount of liquid. The drug is taken in the evening with a single application and with an interval of 4-6 hours in the case of prolonged treatment.

    Side effects:

    From the side nervous system: asthenia, headache, myalgia, thinking disorders, hyperthermia, convulsions, dizziness, drowsiness, meningism, increased intracranial pressure.

    From the side gastrointestinal tract: an increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea.

    Violations heart rate: tachycardia, bradycardia, ectopic rhythms, ventricular fibrillation, atrioventricular blockade.

    Allergic reactions: tachycardia, fever, urticaria, itching, irritation and redness of the skin, hoarseness, arthralgia, rash, dyspnea, swelling of the eyelids, face, lips, hands or feet, heaviness behind the sternum, impaired breathing or swallowing, sneezing; polyserosites.

    Other: sweating.

    Overdose:

    Not described, treatment is symptomatic.

    Interaction:

    Inductors of cytochrome P450, chloroquine - decrease in the concentration of the drug in the blood serum.

    Inhibitors of cytochrome P450, grapefruit juice - an increase in the plasma concentration of the drug.

    Albendazole - an increase in the concentration of albendazole in the blood plasma.

    Simultaneous administration of dexamethasone may reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood.

    Special instructions:

    In the case of cerebral cysticercosis, the patient must be hospitalized.

    Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and manage mechanisms.

    During the treatment period, care should be taken when driving vehicles and refraining from practicing potentially dangerous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

    Instructions
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