Phenol - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Clinical and pharmacological group: & nbsp

Included in the formulation

АТХ:

R.02.A.A.19 Phenol

Pharmacodynamics:Antiseptic.It has bactericidal activity against vegetative forms of bacteria (mainly aerobic) and fungi, it has little effect on spores; has a disinfectant effect. Interaction with proteins of a microbial cell, denaturing them, disturbing the colloidal state of the cell, dissolving the cell membrane in the lipids and increasing its permeability, affecting oxidation-reabsorptionformation processes.

Pharmacokinetics:Easily absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes. With systemic absorption has a toxic effect. 20% of the dose is oxidized. It is well absorbed by food products. Metabolized to phenylglycuronide and phenyl sulfate, a small amount is oxidized to catechols and quinols, which are predominantly conjugated. Elimination - kidneys (metabolites), quinones color the urine in a dark brown or green color.

Indications:Disinfection of household and hospital items, tools, linen, excreta; pest control; Preservation of medicines, serums, suppositories; superficial pyoderma (ostiophalliculitis, folliculitis, sycosis, flicten, streptococcal impetigo); inflammatory diseases of the middle ear; genital warts.

ICD-10

I.A50-A64.A63.0 Anogenital (venereal) warts

VIII.H65-H75.H66 Purulent and unspecified otitis media

XII.L00-L08.L01 Impetigo

XII.L00-L08.L02 Abscess of skin, boil and carbuncle

XII.L00-L08.L03 Phlegmon

XII.L00-L08.L08.0 Pyoderma

XII.L60-L75.L73.8 Other specified diseases of follicles

XII.L60-L75.L73.9 Disease of hair follicles, unspecified

XXI.Z20-Z29.Z29.8 Other specified preventive measures

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, common lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, childhood, pregnancy, breast-feeding.

With common skin and mucous membrane lesions of more than 20 cm2, with deep and puncture wounds, animal bites, extensive burns (absorption and the appearance of toxic symptoms).

Do not use phenol sprays in patients with epiglottitis and in children younger than 6 years of age - swelling of the epiglottis and / or larynx.

Carefully:You can not handle large areas of the body

Pregnancy and lactation:Category of recommendations for FDA is not defined. Qualitative and well-controlled studies on humans and animals have not been conducted. Contraindicated in pregnancy, during lactation.

Dosing and Administration:

Outer in the form of 2% ointment: for purulent skin diseases after removal of pus and necrotic masses, the ointment is applied with a thin layer to the limited affected areas of the skin 1-2 times a day.

In acute non-perforative purulent otitis media (as part of complex therapy): 5% phenol solution in glycerol is instilled in 8-10 drops in a warm form into the auditory meatus for 10 minutes (then removed with cotton wool) 2 times a day for 3-4 days (in the absence of positive dynamics, after 4 days, paracentesis is produced).

Genital genital warts: treated with a solution consisting of 60% phenol and 40% tricresol, with an interval of 1 week.

In pharmaceutical practice, 0.5-0.1% solutions are used for preserving drugs, serums, suppositories.

For disinfection of premises (walls, windows, doors) - soap-phenolic solution (has disinfectant detergent properties), heated to 50-80 ° C. Composition: 2% green soap + 3-5% phenol + 93-95% water. To prepare a 5% soap-phenolic solution per 1 bucket, 300 g of green soap and 550 g of liquid phenol are taken.

To disinfect the laundry use 1-2% soap-phenolic solutions (100-200 g of liquid phenol per 1 bucket of water); The laundry is soaked and held for 2 hours.

For disinsection, phenol-kerosene, phenol-turpentine mixtures are used.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions. In case of contact with skin and mucous membranes, irritation and moxibustion occur.It is easily absorbed and in large doses can cause toxic effects (dizziness, general weakness, respiratory distress, collapse). 10% solution causes pain and corrosion of the mucous membrane and skin.

Cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular extrasystole. There were cases of arrhythmia after chemical face peeling.

Acute renal failure, skin burn, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, chills (a man 41 years old, after falling into an industrial tank with 40% phenol in dichloromethane.) The patient was on hemodialysis for 3 weeks, the normalization of kidney function a year later).

Impotence and kidney syndrome (in 3 patients after sclerosing therapy with a 5% oil solution of phenol hemorrhoidal nodes, continued for 1 year).

Acute epiglottitis after aerosol application for the treatment of pharyngitis containing the equivalent of 1.4% phenol (anaphylactic mechanism of development or direct toxic effect of phenol is assumed). The FDA has published a report on 4 cases of an epiglottis edema and / or a larynx, of which 1 fatal case.

Overdose:

When ingested, intense local damage to the mucous membrane develops with pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, diarrhea.Primary arousal quickly passes into a loss of consciousness. CNS depression, cardiac arrhythmia, respiratory and heart failure can lead to death. Develops acidosis, less often hemolysis, methemoglobinemia with cyanosis. Urine is dark brown or green. Possible pulmonary edema and damage to the myocardium, liver, kidney, multi-organ failure.

Severe poisoning can occur when phenol is absorbed by direct contact of antiseptic solutions through damaged skin or a wound, as well as by penetration of phenol vapor through the lungs and skin.

Local reactions: on contact with skin - whitening and skin damage (10% solution); Spray for the throat - acute edema.

Treatment: when administered orally - Activated carbon, gastric lavage may be difficult due to erosion and burn of the esophagus mucosa and oropharynx; gastric lavage with vegetable oil and protein, then with 10% glycerol solution with activated carbon, magnesium oxide and calcium gluconate, after contact with skin - rinse with glycerin, plenty of water; rub with vegetable oil or macrogol 300; forced diuresis, sodium thiosulfate (100 ml 30% solution intravenously drip), vitamin B1 and B6, treatment of toxic shock, in case of contact with eyes - wash abundantly with water or 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Patient to wrap, to carry out symptomatic treatment; intravenously soda bicarbonate for the treatment of acidosis.

Interaction:

Antimicrobial activity decreases with increasing pH and in contact with biological fluids.

Inactivated by alkaline salts, non-ionic surfactant.

Special instructions:

You can not handle large areas of the body.

It is recommended to mechanically purify highly contaminated disinfected objects, since phenol adsorbs organic compounds, while its bactericidal activity decreases.

Store in well-sealed jars of dark glass.

Disinfected items retain the smell of phenol for a long time.

Do not use for disinfection of premises used for the preparation and storage of food and kitchen utensils. Do not spoil the fabric, do not change their color. When applied to surfaces, varnished, causes them to change.

Easily absorbed by products.

Instructions

Phenol (Phenolum)