Antibiotic of aminoglycoside group for topical application in otorhinolaryngology. Has a wide range of antibacterial action. It is active against gram-positive microorganisms - Staphylococcus spp. (resistant to penicillins and other antibiotics), some strains Streptococcus spp., Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp.,Enterobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp, Proteus spp., causing the development of infectious and inflammatory processes in the upper respiratory tract. Framicetin resistant Treponema spp., some strains Streptococcus spp., anaerobic microorganisms. It is bactericidal. Resistance to framicetin develops slowly and to a small extent.
Irreversible binding to specific receptors of bacterial ribosomes with violation of their interaction with matrix RNA, violation of protein synthesis and increased permeability of cytoplasmic membranes.
Framicetin is a polar structure, therefore it penetrates into bacterial cells through passive diffusion through the porins of the outer membrane. By active transport, the drug moves through the cytoplasmic membrane. This phase was called volatile.Divalent cations (Ca2 + or Mg2 +), hyperosmolar medium (eg urine), anaerobic conditions (abscess), low pH values slow down the transport of Framichetin through the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria, which significantly reduces its antibacterial activity. In the cytoplasm of bacteria, the drug binds to the 30S subunit of the ribosome of the bacterial cell and disrupts the initial stages of protein synthesis on the ribosomes (the formation of the initiating complex is blocked) and the ribosome movement along the filament of the matrix RNA. Framicetin also violates the process of reading the matrix PHK code, which leads to the connection ≪wrong≫ amino acids into the growing polypeptide chain and the synthesis of functionally inactive proteins. These aberrant proteins are embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane and damage it, thereby facilitating the transport of subsequent drug molecules. Thus, the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of microorganisms for ions and proteins increases.
Disturbance of protein synthesis in the early stages and increase in the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria ensure bactericidal action.