Adenosine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Clinical and pharmacological group: & nbsp

Included in the formulation

АТХ:

C.01.E.B.10 Adenosine

Pharmacodynamics:

Endogenous biologically active substance, providing:

- antiarrhythmic action (slows AV-conduction, increases refractoriness of the AV node and lowers the automatism of the sinus node);

- vasodilator - can provoke arterial hypotension, especially with slow intravenous infusion.

Adenosine is characterized by an immediate onset of action, probably as a result of activation of specific adenosine receptors.

Application in ophthalmology is also due to a number of functions:

- participation in reparative processes, which in turn slows the degeneration of the lens;

- has a vasodilating effect and improves the blood supply to the eye tissues, which stimulates the synthesis of the intraocular fluid and its purification from toxins;

- reduces inflammation in the conjunctiva, cornea and other tissues of the eye;

- has an indirect effect on the recovery of glutathione.

Pharmacokinetics

Adenosine has a rapid metabolism, with the participation of circulating enzymes in erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells is converted into inactive inosine and adenosine monophosphate, is excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites.

In ophthalmology with topical application adenosine easily penetrates through the cornea and is distributed in all tissues.

The half-life of adenosine from the blood plasma is no more than 1 minute.

Indications:

- suppression of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia for bolus intravenous administration;

- as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for performing two-dimensional echocardiography, scintigraphy - for intravenous infusion;

- cataract.

ICD-10

VII.H25-H28.H26 Other cataracts

VII.H25-H28.H25 Star cataract

IX.I30-I52.I45.6 Syndrome of premature agitation

IX.I30-I52.I47.1 Nadzheludochkovaya tachycardia

Contraindications:

- AV-blockade II and III degree (except for patients with an artificial pacemaker);

- syndrome of weakness of the sinus node (except for patients with an artificial pacemaker);

- ventricular tachycardia;

- individual intolerance.

Carefully:

Adenosine administered with caution to patients with unstable angina, conduction disturbances, sinus bradycardia, and in patients with hypovolemia, pericarditis, heart diseases, asthma.

Therapy requires regular monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate and ECG.

Dosing and Administration:

As an antiarrhythmic drug, 6 mg of the drug is administered IV bolus (within 1-2 seconds).In the absence of effect for 1-2 minutes iv bolus is administered 12 mg, if necessary, administration at the indicated dose is repeated.

For children, the drug is administered iv bolus in a dose of 50 mcg / kg. The dose can be increased by 50 μg / kg every 2 minutes to a maximum dose of 250 μg / kg.

When carrying out diagnostic tests adenosine injected iv in a dose of 140 mcg / kg / min for 6 min (total dose 840 mcg / kg).

With a high risk of side effects, infusion begins with lower doses (from 50 μg / kg / min).

The maximum dose of the drug for adults is 12 mg.

When using adenosine in ophthalmology, the dosing regimen depends on the dosage form used.

Side effects:

The cardiovascular system: discomfort in the chest, arterial hypotension, violations of AV-conduction, redness of the face, bradycardia.

Respiratory system: violation of breathing, bronchospasm.

Nervous system: nervousness, dizziness and headache, paresthesia, diplopia.

Digestive system: nausea, the taste of metal in the mouth.

Local reactions: a sensation of burning and tingling of the eyes that occurs when applied locally in ophthalmology.

Others: increased sweating, pain in the throat, neck and lower jaw.

Interaction:

Simultaneous use with dipyridamole may lead to an increase in the effect of adenosine.

Simultaneous use with caffeine and theophylline can lead to a decrease in the effect of adenosine, which is due to the antagonistic effect of caffeine and theophylline on adenosine receptors.

Special instructions:

It is necessary to strictly observe the dosage of the drug in accordance with the indications for use.

Instructions

Adenosine (Adenosinum)