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Dosage form: & nbspcapsules
Composition:
One capsule contains:
active substance: fluoxetine hydrochloride in terms of 100% substance 22.36 mg, equivalent to 20 mg fluoxetine base;
auxiliary substances: microcrystalline cellulose 93.64 mg, silicon dioxide colloid 3 mg, magnesium stearate 1 mg.
The composition of the capsule: titanium dioxide, gelatin.

Description:
Hard gelatin capsules of white color № 3. Contents of capsules - a powder of white or almost white color.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:antidepressant
Pharmacodynamics:Fluoxetine selectively blocks the reverse neuronal capture of serotonin (5HT) in the synapses of neurons of the central nervous system. Inhibition of reuptake of serotonin leads to an increase in the concentration of this neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft, enhances and prolongs its effect on postsynaptic receptor sites. Increasing serotonergic transmission, by the mechanism of negative membrane communication fluoxetine inhibits neuromediator metabolism. The drug has little effect on the reuptake of noradrenaline and dopamine, does not directly interact with serotonin (subtype 5-HT2), muscarinic, histamine (H1), alpha-adrenoreceptors and dopamine (D2) receptors. With prolonged use fluoxetine causes a decrease in the sensitivity or functional activity of the C1 receptor.Unlike most antidepressants, the drug does not reduce the functional activity of postsynaptic beta-adrenoreceptors. In therapeutic doses fluoxetine blocks seizure serotonin
thrombocytes.
Effective with endogenous depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Not causes
orthostatic hypotension, sedation. A persistent clinical effect occurs after 1-2 weeks of treatment.

Pharmacokinetics:
Pharmacokinetics. Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of "first passage" through the liver is mild. After a single dose of 40 mg, the maximum concentration (C max) of fluoxetine is reached after 4-8 hours and is 15-55 ng / ml, when administered at the same dose for 30 days, the Stax of fluoxetine is 91-302 ng / ml, norfluoxetine 72-258 ng / ml. At a concentration of up to 200-1000 ng / ml fluoxetine on 94,5% binds to blood proteins, including albumin and alpha1-glycoprotein. Enantiomers are equally effective, but S-fluoxetine is more slowly excreted and predominates over the R-form at equilibrium concentration. Easily permeates through the blood-brain barrier. In the liver, enantiomers are demethylated with the participation of cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP2D6 to norfluxetine and other unidentified metabolites,and S-norfluoxetine in activity is equal to R- and S-fluoxetine and exceeds R-yorfluoxetine. The half-life (T 1/2) of fluoxetine is 1-3 days after a single dose and 4-6 days with prolonged administration. T1 \ 2 norfluoxetine is 4-16 days in both cases, which causes significant cumulation of substances, slow achievement of their equilibrium concentration in plasma and prolonged presence in the body after cancellation. In patients with cirrhosis of the liver, T1 \ 2 fluoxetine and its metabolites are lengthened. Output for 1 week in the main kidneys (80%): unchanged - 11,6%, in the form of fluoxetine glucuronide - 7,4 %, norfluoxetine - 6.8%, norfluoxetine glucuronide - 8.2%, more than 20% - hippuric acid, 46% - other compounds; 15 % is excreted through the intestine. If the renal function is impaired, the excretion of fluoxetine and its metabolites slows down. When dialysis is not withdrawn (due to the large volume of distribution and a high degree of binding to plasma proteins).
Special patient groups
Elderly patients
In healthy elderly patients, the kinetic parameters are not changed in comparison with young patients.
Patients with impaired hepatic / renal function
With hepatic failure, the half-life of fluoxetine and
norfluoxetine increases to 7 and 12 days, respectively.
With renal failure, the kinetic parameters were not changed in comparison with healthy volunteers. However, for a prolonged period of time, plasma fluoxetine concentrations may increase, so the dose of the drug should be adjusted downward.


Indications:
depression of different genesis;
bulimia nervosa;
obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Simultaneous reception of fluoxetine with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors Treatment with fluoxetine should be started only 2 weeks after the abolition of MAO. The appointment of MAO is allowed after 5 weeks after the abolition of fluoxetine.
Simultaneous reception of thioridazine (and within 5 weeks after the abolition of fluoxetine), pimozide.
Pregnancy.
Lactation period.
Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 10 mL / min).
Liver failure.
Age to 18 years.

Carefully:
Diabetes mellitus, epilepsy (including history), elderly age, diuretics, hepatic / renal insufficiency, suicidal mood.
Epileptic seizures: as with other antidepressants, fluoxetine should be administered with caution to patients who have previously had epileptic seizures.
Hyponatremia: cases of hyponatremia have been reported (in some cases, the concentration of sodium ions in the serum was less than 110 mmol / l). In most cases, such cases were observed in elderly patients and in patients who received diuretics due to a decrease in the volume of circulating blood.
Hepatic / Renal Failure: fluoxetine is subjected to intensive metabolism in the liver and is excreted by the kidneys. Patients with severe impairment of liver function are recommended to prescribe lower doses of fluoxetine, or prescribe the drug every other day. When fluoxetine was taken at a dose of 20 mg / day for two months, in patients with severe renal dysfunction (CC <10 mL / min) requiring hemodialysis, there was no difference in fluoxetine and norfluoxetine concentrations in plasma from healthy individuals who had normal kidney function.

Dosing and Administration:
The drug is taken orally, at any time, regardless of food intake. Depressive state
The initial dose is 20 mg once a day in the morning, regardless of food intake. If necessary, the dose may be increased to 40-60 mg / day, divided into 2-3 doses (20 mg / day weekly). The maximum daily dose is 80 mg in 2-3 divided doses. The clinical effect develops 1-2 weeks after the start of treatment, in some patients it can be achieved later. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
The recommended dose is 20-60 mg per day.
Nervous bulimia
The drug is used in a daily dose of 60 mg divided into 2-3 doses.
Application of the drug in elderly patients
Begin the treatment of elderly patients with a dose of 20 mg / day, the maximum daily dose of the drug should not exceed 60 mg.
Patients with renal / hepatic insufficiency recommended
prescribe lower doses of the drug, with an increase in the interval between doses (for example, 20 mg / day, every other day).


Side effects:
The frequency of side effects is classified according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization: very often (> 1/10), often (> 1/100, <1/10), infrequently (> 1/1000, <1/100), rarely - (> 1/10000, <1/1000), very rarely (<1/10000), including individual messages; the frequency of the messages is unknown.
Blood and lymphatic system: very rarely - thrombocytopenia.
Immune system disorders: rarely - anaphylactic reaction, serum sickness.
Endocrine disorders: frequency
unknown - the violation of the secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Metabolism and eating disorders: often - decreased appetite (including anorexia).
Mental disorders: very often - insomnia (including early morning awakenings, initial and average insomnia); often - anxiety, nervousness, anxiety, stress, decreased libido (including lack of libido), sleep disorder, unusual dreams (including nightmares); infrequently depersonalization, rise
moods, euphoria, bruxism, unusual thoughts, violation of orgasm (including anorgasmia); rarely - hypomania, mania, hallucinations, psychomotor agitation, panic attacks; the frequency of the messages is unknown - suicidal thoughts and behavior (these symptoms may be a consequence of the underlying disease), confusion consciousness, violation of articulation.
From the nervous system: very often - headache; often - violation of attention, dizziness, dysgeusia, lethargy, drowsiness (including
hypersensitivity, sedation), tremor; infrequently - psychomotor
hyperactivity, dyskinesia, ataxia, imbalance, myoclonus; rarely - cramps, akathisia, bucco-glossal syndrome; the frequency of the messages is unknown - serotonin syndrome, memory impairment.
From the senses: often - blurred vision; infrequently - mydriasis; the frequency of the messages is unknown - ringing in the ears.
From the cardiovascular system: often - sensation
palpitation, atrial flutter, facial flushing (including hot flashes); infrequently - lowering blood pressure; rarely - vasculitis, vasodilation, arrhythmia.
From the respiratory system and mediastinal organs: often - yawning; infrequently - shortness of breath; rarely - pharyngitis; the frequency of the reports is unknown - pulmonary complications (inflammatory processes of various histopathology and / or fibrosis), nasal bleeding.
From the gastrointestinal tract: very often - diarrhea, nausea; often - vomiting, dyspepsia, dry mouth; infrequently - dysphagia; rarely - pain in the esophagus; the frequency of the messages is unknown
- gastrointestinal bleeding (including bleeding from the gums, vomiting with blood, the presence of blood in the stool, rectal bleeding, hemorrhagic diarrhea, melena, bleeding from the stomach ulcer).
On the part of the hepato-biliary system: the frequency of reports is unknown idiosyncratic hepatitis.
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue: often - a rash (including erythema, exfoliative rash, thermal rash, erythematous rash, follicular rash, generalized rash, macular rash, maculopapular rash, korepodobnuyu rash, papular rash, pruriginoznuyu rash, vesicular rash), urticaria, itching, sweating; infrequently - alopecia, a tendency to hematoma, cold sweat; rarely - Quincke's edema, ecchymosis, photosensitivity reaction, purpura; the frequency of the messages is unknown - multiform erythema (Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) may develop).
From the musculoskeletal system: often - pain in the joints; infrequently
- muscle twitching; the frequency of the messages is unknown - myalgia.
From the genitourinary system: often
- frequent urination (including pollakiuria); infrequently - dysuria; rarely - urine retention; the frequency of the messages is unknown - dysuria.
From the reproductive system and breast: often gynecological bleeding (including bleeding from the cervixdysfunctional uterine bleeding, bleeding from the genital tract, menometrorrhagia, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, polymenorrhoea, postmenopausal bleeding, uterine bleeding, vaginal bleeding), erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory disorder (including absence of ejaculation, dysfunctional ejaculation, early ejaculation, ejaculation delay, retrograde ejaculation); infrequently - sexual dysfunction; the frequency of the messages is unknown - priapism.
General: very often fatigue (including asthenia); often - anxiety, chills, weight loss; infrequent - a malaise, a feeling disorder, a feeling of heat, a feeling of cold; the frequency of the reports is unknown - hemorrhage on the mucous membranes.
Laboratory indicators: rarely - hyponatremia; the frequency of the messages is unknown - a change in liver samples, a decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase.
Spontaneous post-marketing messages.
Endocrine system: hyperprolactinemia, single cases of growth retardation in children.
Nervous system: a syndrome of "cancellation" after discontinuation of the drug. Musculoskeletal system: an increased risk of fractures.
In pediatric practice: isolated cases of growth retardation and puberty in children, sexual dysfunction


Overdose:
Symptoms: psychomotor agitation, convulsive seizures, drowsiness, heart rhythm disturbances, sinus tachycardia, nausea, vomiting.
Other serious symptoms of fluoxetine overdose (both with isolated fluoxetine intake and simultaneous admission with other drugs) included coma, delirium, QT interval prolongation and ventricular tachyarrhythmia, including fibrillation, ventricular flutter and cardiac arrest, lowering of blood pressure, fainting, mania, pyrexia, stupor and a condition similar to a malignant neuroleptic syndrome.
According to international data, cases of death from an overdose of fluoxetine are extremely rare. However, cases of serious and sometimes lethal reactions in patients receiving fluoxetine in combination with MAO inhibitors. Toxicity of the drug can also enhance tricyclic antidepressants, alcohol intake.
Treatment: specific antagonists to fluoxetine have not been found. Symptomatic therapy is performed,gastric lavage with the appointment of activated charcoal, with convulsions - diazepam, maintaining breathing, cardiac activity, body temperature.

Interaction:Fluoxetine and its main metabolite, norfluoxetine, have long half-lives, which must be considered when fluoxetine is combined with other drugs, and when it is replaced with another antidepressant. Not recommended combinations Not recommended fluoxetine with selective inhibitors of MAO-A (maklobemid, pirlindole, metralindole, bephol). Combinations requiring precautions
With the combined use of fluoxetine with a selective MAO-B inhibitor seleginin, there is a risk of developing serotonin syndrome, manifested in confusion, hypomaniacal state, psychomotor agitation, convulsions, dysarthria, hypertensive crises, chills, tremor, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Clinical observation is recommended. Serotonergic drugs Simultaneous reception of fluoxetine and serotonergic drugs (tramadol, triptans) may increase the risk of developing serotonin syndrome.Co-administration with triptans also carries an additional risk of coronary vasoconstriction and hypertension.
Lithium and tryptophan There are reports of the occurrence of a serotonin syndrome with the combined use of fluoxetine with lithium salts and tryptophan, the joint use of these drugs should be done with caution. The combined use of fluoxetine with lithium salts requires careful monitoring of the concentration of lithium in the blood, since it is possible to increase it.
Drugs metabolized with the participation of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme
Simultaneous reception of medications metabolized with the participation of the isoenzyme CYP2D6 (flecainide, enkainide, carbamazepine, diazepam, propafenone, tricyclic antidepressants) with fluoxetine should be administered with minimal therapeutic doses. The use of minimal therapeutic doses of these drugs is also necessary within 5 weeks after the end of fluoxetine intake.
With the simultaneous use of tamoxifen with fluoxetine, a significant reduction in the quantitative content of tamoxifen in the blood plasma is possible, therefore, joint intake of these drugs should be avoided.
Interaction with substrates of isoenzymes CYP3A4
Fluoxetine depresses the metabolism of terfenadine, which leads to an increase in its concentration in the blood plasma, enhancing therapeutic and side effects. However, studies have shown that a single administration of terfenadine (substrate CYP3A4) with fluoxetine is not accompanied by an increase in serum concentrations of terfenadine.
Interaction with substrates of CYP2C isoenzymes
Phenytoin
In patients who regularly took maintenance doses of phenytoin, plasma phenytoin concentrations increased significantly and symptoms of phenytoin intoxication appeared (nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia and central nervous system depression) after the onset of concomitant fluoxetine treatment. When combined with fluoxetine, titration of the dose of phenytoin and monitoring of the clinical state are necessary.
Indirect anticoagulants In patients taking fluoxetine and indirect anticoagulants, increased bleeding, purpura, and ecchymosis. Patients receiving warfarin therapy should undergo careful monitoring of the blood clotting system, even in cases where fluoxetine therapy has only begun or already discontinued.
Drugs containing Hypericum perforatum (Hypericum perforatum) There may be interactions between fluoxetine and preparations of St. John's wort, while concentrations of free (unbound) drugs in the plasma may increase with an increase in side effects.
Hypoglycemic drugs
Fluoxetine enhances the effect of hypoglycemic drugs.

Special instructions:
Use in patients with suicidal tendencies
Careful monitoring of patients is required from suicidal
tendencies, especially at the beginning of treatment. The highest risk of suicide in patients who have previously taken other antidepressants, and patients who have excessive fatigue, hypersomnia or motor anxiety in the presence of fluoxetine. Before the onset of significant improvement in treatment, such patients should be under the supervision of a physician. The risk of suicide is also increased in young people 18-24 years (according to a meta-analysis of the use of antidepressants in depression).
Use in children and adolescents under the age of 18 years
In children and adolescents with depression, other mental disorders, antidepressants, compared with placebo, increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and suicidal behavior.Therefore, when administering fluoxetine or any other antidepressant drugs in children and adolescents, the risk of suicide and the benefits of their use should be correlated. Any depressive disorder in itself increases the risk of suicide, so during treatment with antidepressants, all patients should be monitored for early detection of disorders or behavioral changes, as well as suicidal tendencies.
Physicians should convince patients to immediately report any thoughts and feelings of concern.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
It has been reported about the development of long-term epileptic seizures in the context of electroconvulsive therapy, therefore caution should be exercised in conducting ECT in patients receiving fluoxetine. Seizures Seizures may occur if fluoxetine is taken. In patients who have a history of cases of convulsive seizures, fluoxetine should be used carefully and under medical supervision. In the event of a seizure, the drug should be withdrawn. Fluoxetine should be avoided in patients with unstable epilepsy,In patients with stable epilepsy, patients with fluoxetine should be carefully monitored.
Mania / Hypomania
Fluoxetine should be used with caution in patients with manifestations of mania / hypomania in the history. Treatment with the drug should be stopped in the active phase of the disease.
Tamoxifen
Fluoxetine can lead to a reduction in the concentration of endoxifene, one of the most important active metabolites of tamoxifen. Therefore, joint intake of these drugs should be avoided.
MAO inhibitors
The interval between the end of therapy with MAO inhibitors and the initiation of treatment with fluoxetine should be at least 14 days; between the end of fluoxetine treatment and the initiation of therapy with MAO inhibitors - at least 5 weeks. Rash and allergic reactions After the onset of rash or other allergic events, fluoxetine treatment should be discontinued.
Mydriasis
I reported cases of mydriasis due to fluoxetine.
Caution should be exercised in prescribing fluoxetine in patients with increased intraocular pressure or with the risk of acute open angle glaucoma.
Akathisia / psychomotor anxiety
With the use of fluoxetine, it is possible to develop akathisia characterized by a constant or recurring feeling of internal motor anxiety and manifested in the inability of the patient to sit quietly in one position for a long time or remain without movement for a long time. This usually occurs during the first few weeks of treatment. When patients have similar symptoms, it is necessary to reduce the dose of the drug or its withdrawal, as well as medical supervision.
Abolition of therapy
After the drug is withdrawn, its therapeutic concentration in the blood serum may persist for several weeks. These data should be taken into account when prescribing medications that interact with fluoxetine.
Syndrome of "withdrawal" of fluoxetine therapy
With the abolition of fluoxetine, especially sharp, there may be a syndrome of "withdrawal" of the drug (withdrawal syndrome).
The risk of developing an abstinence syndrome may depend on several factors, including the duration and dose of therapy, as well as the rate of dose reduction. The most common reactions: dizziness, sensory disorders (including paresthesia), sleep disorders (including insomnia and drowsiness),asthenia, agitation or excitability, nausea or vomiting, tremor, headache. Typically, these symptoms are mild or moderate, but in some patients they can be more intense. They usually pass during the first few days or weeks after discontinuation of treatment, although in some people they can last up to 2-3 months or more. Therefore, it is recommended to stop taking fluoxetine gradually, reducing the dose within one to two weeks. Bleeding
There have also been reports of skin bleeding, such as ecchymosis and purpura, when taking fluoxetine. Other hemorrhagic manifestations (for example, gynecological, gastrointestinal and other cutaneous or mucous bleeding) have been rare. Fluoxetine should be administered with caution to patients taking oral anticoagulants, drugs that affect the function of blood clotting (for example, clozapine. phenothiazine, acetylsalicylic acid, NSAIDs or other drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding), as well as patients with a history of clotting.
Diabetes
Patients with diabetes mellitus may develop hypoglycemia during fluoxetine and hyperglycaemia therapy after withdrawal. At the beginning or after treatment with fluoxetine, you may need to adjust the dosages of insulin and / or hypoglycemic drugs for oral administration.
Weight loss
In the treatment of patients with body weight deficiency, anorexigenic effects should be considered (a progressive loss of body weight is possible).
Alcohol
When taking fluoxetine, you should refrain from drinking alcohol, since the drug enhances the effect of alcohol.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:
During treatment, one should refrain from driving motor vehicles and practicing potentially dangerous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Form release / dosage:

Capsules 20 mg.


Packaging:

10 capsules per contour melt packing from polyvinylchloride film and aluminum foil. 2 contour Cell packs along with the instructions for use are placed in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions:
In a dry, protected from light place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.
Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:
4 years.Do not use after the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription
Registration number:P N003957 / 01
Date of registration:25.02.2010
The owner of the registration certificate:AKRIKHIN HFK, JSC AKRIKHIN HFK, JSC Russia
Manufacturer: & nbsp
Representation: & nbspAKRIKHIN OJSC AKRIKHIN OJSC Russia
Information update date: & nbsp20.10.2015
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