Patients with depression experience a number of symptoms due to the disease, so it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between symptoms associated with the disease and symptoms caused by the use of the drug.
In randomized, placebo-controlled trials, the most common adverse reactions that occurred in more than 5% of patients receiving the Remeron® drug were drowsiness, sedation, dry mouth, weight gain, increased appetite, dizziness, and fatigue.
The data on adverse reactions to the Remeron® drug were evaluated from all randomized placebo-controlled trials (including both "deep depressive disorder" and other indications). The meta-analysis included 20 studies with a planned treatment duration of up to 12 weeks involving 1501 patients (134 patient years) who received doses of mirtazapine up to 60 mg and 850 patients (79 patient-years) who received a placebo. In order to maintain comparability with the use of placebo, the extended phases of these studies were excluded from the analysis.
Below are the data reflecting the incidence of adverse reactions, obtained during clinical trials. Taking into account the data on unwanted reactions derived from spontaneous post-registration safety reports, the frequency of these undesired reactions was statistically significantly higher with the use of Remeron® than with placebo. This frequency of unwanted reactions from spontaneous reports during the use of the drug in real clinical practice is based on the incidence of these unwanted reactions according to clinical studies. The frequency of adverse reactions associated with the administration of Remeron®, which were described in spontaneous post-registration safety reports, but not observed in randomized placebo-controlled studies, is indicated as "frequency unknown."
The following classification is used to indicate the frequency of undesired reactions: Often (≥1/10), often (≥1 / 100 and <1/10), infrequently (≥1 / 1000 and <1/100), rarely (≥1 / 10000 and <1/1000), frequency is unknown.
- Violations of the blood and lymphatic system: frequency unknown - depression of bone marrow function (granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and thrombocytopenia) (see also "Special instructions"), eosinophilia.
- Disorders from the endocrine system: frequency unknown- syndrome of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
- Disorders from the metabolism and nutrition: Often - weight gain1, increased appetite1; frequency unknown - hyponatremia.
- Disorders of the psyche: often - unusual dreams, confusion, anxiety2,5, insomnia3,5; nightmares2, mania, agitation2, hallucinations, psychomotor agitation (including akathisia and hyperkinesia); rarely aggressiveness; frequency is unknown - suicidal ideation6, suicidal behavior6.
- Disturbances from the nervous system: very often - drowsiness1,4, sedation1,4, headache2; frequent lethargy1, dizziness, tremor; infrequently paresthesia2, restless legs syndrome, fainting; rarely - myoclonus; frequency is unknown - convulsions, serotonin syndrome, paresthesia of the oral mucosa, articulation disorder.
- Vascular disorders: often - orthostatic hypotension; infrequently - lowering blood pressure2.
- Disorders from the gastrointestinal tract: very often - dry mouth; often - nausea3, diarrhea2, vomiting2, constipation1; infrequent - a decrease in the sensitivity of the oral mucosa; rarely - pancreatitis; frequency unknown - edema of the oral mucosa, increased salivation.
- Disturbances from the liver and bile ducts: rarely - increased serum transaminase activity.
- Disturbances from the skin and subcutaneous tissues: often - skin rash2; frequency unknown - Stevens-Johnson syndrome, bullous dermatitis, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
- Disturbances from musculoskeletal and connective tissue: often - arthralgia, myalgia, back pain1; frequency is unknown - rhabdomyolysis.
- Disorders from the kidneys and urinary tract: frequency unknown - retention of urine.
- General disorders and disorders at the site of administration: often - peripheral edema1, fatigue; the frequency is unknown, somnambulism, generalized edema, localized edema.
- Laboratory and instrumental data: frequency unknown- increased activity of creatine kinase.
1 In clinical trials, these events were statistically significantly more frequent with therapy with Remeron® than with placebo.
2 In clinical trials, these events were more common with placebo than with Remeron®, but the difference was not statistically significant.
3 In clinical trials, these events were statistically significantly more frequent with placebo than with therapy with Remeron®.
4 Dose reduction usually does not lead to a reduction in drowsiness and / or excessive sedation, but may lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the antidepressant.
5 In the treatment of antidepressants, anxiety and insomnia (which may also be symptoms of depression) may or may become more pronounced. On the background of mirtazapine therapy, there were cases of occurrence or increase of anxiety and insomnia.
6 There have been cases of suicidal intentions and suicidal behavior on the background of mirtazapine therapy or soon after discontinuation of therapy (see section "Special instructions").
In the evaluation of data obtained in clinical trials, there was a temporary increase in the activity of transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (but not reported any adverse reactions associated with taking Remeron® drug that occurred with greater frequency than with placebo).