Premises in which procedures are performed using radiocontrast preparations should be provided with equipment and medicines that are needed in emergency situations (oxygen cylinders, antihistamines and vasoconstrictors, glucocorticosteroid preparations).
The radiopaque solution is poured into the syringe or the drip bottle immediately before the procedure.The radiopaque solution is intended for single use only. Rubber plug pierced only once, the remainder of the substance is destroyed.
Preparation of the patient and the procedure for administering the drug
Before each use of radiopaque means, it is necessary to obtain accurate information about the patient, including laboratory and instrumental research data (for example, serum creatinine, ECG, history of allergy, pregnancy).
Prior to the study, the patient should eliminate disturbances in the water-electrolyte balance and ensure sufficient supply of fluid and electrolytes. This is especially true for patients with diabetes mellitus, polyuria, oliguria or gout, as well as newborns, infants and young children, elderly patients. Two hours before the procedure, the patient should stop eating. Radiopaque substance is heated to body temperature.
When the drug is administered, the patient should be in a horizontal position. Within 30 minutes after the end of the procedure, the patient is monitored physically, since most adverse reactions occur during this period.
It is not recommended to perform preliminary testing of individual sensitivity using small doses of the drug due to the risk of severe hypersensitivity reactions.
To provide immediate assistance in case of acute adverse reactions, safe access to the vessel (permanent cannula) should be ensured. The funds required in these cases must be available.
Patients who are afraid of the procedure need premedication with sedatives.
It is forbidden to mix radiopaque drug with other drugs in one syringe.
The drug distorts the results of radioisotope studies of the thyroid gland (iodine binding capacity of the thyroid tissue remains reduced within 2 weeks after the administration of the drug).
Prior to the study, the patient should eliminate water-electrolyte balance disorders and provide adequate hydration, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus, gout, as well as in newborns, infants, young children and elderly patients.
The open vial should be used immediately. Any remnants of the contrast agent should be discarded.Avoid using equipment in which the preparation can come into direct contact with a metal surface containing copper ions.
When examining small children, one should not limit their intake of fluids before the introduction of hypertonic radiopaque solution, while any imbalance of water and electrolytes should be monitored.
In pregnant women and patients with thyrotoxicosis, an iodine-containing radiopaque medium should be used only if absolutely necessary.