The most common adverse event in the treatment of eculizumab was headache (noted mainly in the initial cycle of therapy).
The most serious undesirable phenomenon was meningococcal sepsis.
Below is presented a summary of the adverse reactions noted in clinical studies and also in post-marketing period in patients with APG or Agus treated ekulizumabIn accordance with a lesion of organs and organ systems (MedDRA) and WHO classification by frequency of occurrence, 'very often' (> or = 1/10); "often" (> or = 1/100, <1/10); "Infrequently" (> or = 1/1000, <1/100), "rarely" (> or = 1/10000, <1/1000) and "very rarely" (<1/10000).
Violations from the blood and lymphatic system:
Often - leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis *;
Infrequently - coagulopathy, agglutination of erythrocytes, blood clotting disorders, anemia, lymphopenia.
Benign, malignant and unspecified neoplasms:
Infrequently - myelodysplastic syndrome, melanoma.
Heart Disease:
Infrequent - a feeling of palpitations.
Vascular disorders:
Often - lowering blood pressure;
Infrequent - hematoma, increased blood pressure, malignant hypertension, "hot flashes" of blood, venous disease.
Hearing disorders and labyrinthine disturbances:
Infrequent - ringing in the ears, vertigo (vestibular dizziness).
Disorders from the endocrine system:
Infrequent - hyperthyroidism.
Disorders from the side of the organ of vision:
Infrequent irritation of the conjunctiva, vague vision.
Disturbances from the gastrointestinal tract:
Often - abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, indigestion, nausea, vomiting;
Infrequent - bloating, gastroesophageal reflux, pain in the gums, peritonitis.
Disorders from the metabolism and nutrition:
Often - decreased appetite;
Infrequently, anorexia.
Disorders from the liver and bile ducts:
Infrequent - jaundice.
Impaired nervous system:
Very often - headache;
Often - peripheral dizziness, dysgeusia.
Infrequent - syncope, tremor, paresthesia.
Disturbances from the respiratory system, chest and mediastinal organs:
Often - cough, swelling of the nasal mucosa, pain in the larynx and pharynx, dyspnoea, rhinorrhea;
Infrequent - hemoptysis, choking in the throat.
Disorders of the psyche:
Uncommon - unusual dreams, anxiety, depression, insomnia, mood swings, sleep disturbances.
Disorders from the kidneys and urinary tract:
Infrequent - hematuria, dysuria, renal dysuria.
Disturbances from the skin and subcutaneous tissues:
Often - alopecia, itching, rash;
Infrequent - urticaria, dermatitis, erythema, petechia, a violation of skin pigmentation, hyperhidrosis, dry skin.
Disturbances from the musculoskeletal and connective tissue:
Often - arthralgia, back pain, myalgia, neck pain, pain in the extremities, bone pain, muscle spasms;
Infrequent - swelling of the joints, trismus.
Infectious and parasitic diseases:
Often - infections of the upper respiratory tract,urinary tract infections, including viral, nasopharyngitis, bronchitis, mucosa of oral herpes, meningococcal sepsis, bacterial arthritis, aspergillosis;
Infrequently - lower respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal tract, cystitis, sinusitis, infections of dental tissues and gums, abscesses and subcutaneous tissue inflammation, fungal infection, influenza, of Neisseria infection and of Haemophilus, impetigo, meningococcal meningitis, sepsis, septic shock, pneumonia.
Immune system disorders:
Often - anaphylactic reactions;
Infrequent reactions are hypersensitivity.
Violations of the genitals and breast:
Infrequent - violations of the menstrual cycle, spontaneous erection.
General disorders and disorders at the site of administration:
Often - a sense of discomfort in the chest, chills, weakness, swelling, fever, fatigue, flu-like symptoms;
It is not often - pain in the chest, paresthesia, bruising and pain at the injection site, feeling of "heat".
Laboratory and instrumental data:
Often - a positive test of Coombs *;
It is not often - increasing the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, increased alanine aminotransferase activity, increased activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase, decreased hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit.
Injuries, poisonings and procedural complications:
Infrequently - nonspecific reactions at the site of administration
* - for more information, see the "Additional Information" section.
Additional Information
Among the side effects recorded during all clinical studies in patients with APG or AGU, the most severe was meningococcal septicemia.
Antibodies to Soliris® were determined in 2% of patients with APG and in 3% of patients with AGU treated with the drug.
An increase in the immunogenicity of the body is characteristic of all protein preparations.
Hemolysis cases were noted during the miss or delay in the introduction of a regular dose of Soliris® in patients with APG.
Clinical manifestations of thrombotic microangiopathy were noted on admission
or delayed introduction of a regular dose of Soliris® in patients with ASUS.
Children
A generalized analysis of safety data did not reveal differences in the safety profile in children aged 11-18 years and in adult APG patients. Children most often had a headache. According to studies in children aged 2 months to 18 years, the safety profile does not differ from that in adult patients with ASUS.
Patients with other diseases
Safety data from other clinical trials
A generalized analysis of data from all clinical studies performed with the Soliris® preparation (11 studies, 716 patients) with 6 other nosological forms than APG and AGU revealed 1 case of meningococcal meningitis in an unvaccinated patient with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephropathy.
For other AEs, analysis of data from all double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in patients without APG (526 patients receiving Soliris®, 221 patients received a placebo), with a frequency of 2% or more than in the placebo group, revealed the following AEs: infections upper respiratory tract, rash and injury.