The following undesirable phenomena noted with the use of the drug Temodal ®, are distributed according to the frequency of occurrence according to the following classification: very often (> 10% of cases), often (> 1% to <10%), infrequently (>> 0.1% to <1%), rarely (> 0.01% to <0.1%) and very rarely (<0.01%).
The newly discovered multiform glioblastoma (adult patients) Combined phase of treatment (with radiotherapy)
On the part of mechanisms of resistance to infections
Often: candidiasis of the oral cavity, herpes simplex, pharyngitis, wound infection, other infection.
On the part of the blood and lymphatic system
Often: leukopenia, lymphopenia, no ripsniya, thrombocytopaedic.
Infrequently: anemia, febrile neutropenia.
From the side of the cardiovascular system Often: edema, including legs, hemorrhage.
Infrequently: a feeling of heartbeat, an increase in blood pressure, a hemorrhage into the brain.
On the part of the respiratory system Often: cough, shortness of breath.
Infrequently: pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, nasal congestion.
From the side endocrine systems Infrequently: syndrome Itenko-Kushipga.
From the skin side and subcutaneous fat cellulose, nursing glands Often: alopecia, rash.
Often: dermatitis, dry skin, erythema, skin itching, face swelling.
Infrequently: photosensitivity reaction, pigmentation disorder, exfoliation.
From the nervous system Often: headache.
Often: anxiety, emotional lability, insomnia, dizziness, aphasia, balance disorder, impaired concentration, confusion and decreased consciousness, convulsions, memory impairment, neuropathy, paresthesia, drowsiness, speech disorder, tremor.
Infrequently: agitation, apathy, behavioral disorders, depression, hallucinations, impaired perception, extrapyramidal disorders, dysphasia, ataxia, gait disorders, hemiparesis, hyperesthesia, hypoesthesia, neurological disorders (unspecified),epileptic status, peripheral neuropathies, a paromyemia, thirst.
From the side of the musculoskeletal system Often: arthralgia, muscle weakness.
Infrequently: pain in the back, musculoskeletal pain, myalgia, myopathy.
From the side of the organ of vision Often: blurred vision.
Infrequently: pain in the eyes, hemianopsia, visual impairment, decreased visual acuity, and limited vision.
From the genitourinary system
Often: frequent urination, urinary incontinence.
Infrequently: impotence.
From the organs of hearing and vestibular system Often: worsening of hearing.
Infrequently: pain in the ears, hyperacia, ringing in the ears, otitis media.
From the digestive system Often: anorexia, constipation, nausea, vomiting.
Often: increased activity of alanine aminotransferase, hyperglycemia, weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspepsia, dysphagia, stomatitis, impaired taste.
Infrequently: hypokalemia, increased activity of alkaline phosphatase, weight gain, discoloration of the tongue, increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransfsrase, aspartate aminotransferase, liver enzymes.
From the body as a whole
Often: increased fatigue.
Often: fever, pain syndrome, radiation damage, allergic reaction.
Infrequently: "hot flushes" to the body, asthenia, worsening of the condition, chills.
Adjuvant phase of treatment
On the part of mechanisms of resistance to infections
Often: Candidiasis of the oral mucosa, another infection.
Infrequently: herpes simplex, herpes zoster, influenza-like syndrome.
On the part of the blood and lymphatic system
Often: anemia, febrile neutropsy, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
Infrequently: lymphopenia, petechin.
From the side of the cardiovascular system
Often: edema of the legs, hemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis.
Infrequently: edema, including peripheral, pulmonary embolism.
On the part of the respiratory system Often: cough, shortness of breath.
Infrequently: pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, bronchitis.
From the endocrine system Infrequently: Istsnko-Cushing syndrome.
From the skin and subcutaneous fat, nursing glands Often: alopecia, rash.
Often: dryness, itching of the skin.
Infrequently: erythema, impaired pigmentation, excessive sweating, pain in the breast, swelling of the face.
From the nervous system Often: headache, convulsions.
Often: anxiety, depression, emotional lability, insomnia, dizziness, aphasia, imbalance, impaired concentration, confusion, dysphasia, speech disorder, hemiparesis, memory impairment, neurological disorders (unspecified), neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, paresthesia, drowsiness, tremor. Infrequently: hallucinations, ataxia, impaired coordination, amnesia, gait disorders, hemiplegia, hyperesthesia, impaired sensory organs.
From the side of the musculoskeletal system
Often: arthralgia, musculoskeletal pain, myalgia, muscle weakness.
Infrequently: dysuria, amenorrhea, msnorrhagia, vaginal bleeding, vaginitis.
From the organ of hearing and vestibular system Often: hearing impairment, ringing in the ears.
Infrequently: deafness, pain in the ears, vertigo.
From the digestive system Often: anorexia, constipation, nausea, vomiting.
Often: increased activity of alapipaminotransferase, weight loss, diarrhea, dyspepsia, dysphagia, stomatitis, dry mouth, perversion of taste.
Infrequently: hyperglycemia, weight gain, bloating, fecal incontinence, hemorrhoids, gastroenteritis, dental diseases, gastrointestinal disturbances.
From the body as a whole
Often: increased fatigue.
Often: fever, pain syndrome, radiation damage, allergic reaction.
Infrequently: asthenia, worsening of the condition, chills.
Laboratory indicators
Myelosuppression (peitropenia and thrombocytopaia) is a dose-limiting side effect. Among patients in both groups (combined and adjuvant therapy), neutrophil changes, including neutropenia, were noted in 8% of cases, and platelet counts, including thrombocytopenia, in 14% of cases. Progressive or recurrent malignant glioma (adults and children over 3 years old) or malignant melanoma (adults)
On the part of the hematopoiesis system
Often: thrombocytopaia, peitropenia, lymphopenia.
Often: pancytopenia, leukopenia, anemia.In patients with glioma and metastatic melanoma, thrombocytopenia and grade 3 or 4 neutropenia were noted in 19% and 17%, respectively, in glioma and 20% and 22%, respectively, in melanoma. Patient hospitalization and / or removal of Temodal® was required in 8% and 4% of cases, respectively, for glioma and 3% and 1.3% for melanoma. Bone marrow depression developed usually during the first few cycles of treatment, with a maximum between 21 and 28 days, the recovery occurred, usually within 1-2 weeks. No evidence of cumulative myelosuppression was noted.
From the side of the digestive system
Often: nausea, vomiting, constipation, anorexia.
Often: diarrhea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, taste perversion. The most frequent were nausea and vomiting. In most cases, these events were 1-2 (from mild to moderate) severity and were treated independently or were easily controlled with standard antiemetic therapy. The frequency of severe nausea and vomiting is 4%.
From the nervous system Often: headache.
Often: drowsiness, dizziness, paresthesia, asthenia, pain syndrome.
From the skin and subcutaneous fat Often: rash, itching, alopecia, pegechia.
Rarely: urticaria, exanthema, erythroderma.
Other
Often: increased fatigue.
Often: weight loss, shortness of breath, fever, chills, general malaise.
Rarely: Opportunistic infections, including pancytopenia.
Rarely: angioedema.
Data from post-research studies
In the course of post-marketing studies, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal pecrolisis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, were very rare.
There have been reports of hepatotoxicity, including increased activity of liver enzymes, hyperbilirubinemia, cholestasis and hepatitis. Very rarely there were violations of the liver, including cases with a fatal outcome.