According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adverse reactions are classified according to their frequency of development as follows: often (> 1/100, <1/10), infrequently (> 1/1000, <1/100), rarely (> 1 / 10000, <1/1000), and very rarely (<1/10000), including individual message.
Disorders from the metabolism and nutrition:
Often: disturbances of the water-electrolyte balance, including those that occur with clinical symptoms. Symptoms that indicate the development of violations of water-electrolyte balance may be headache, convulsions, tetany, muscle weakness, heart rhythm disorders and dyspeptic disorders. These disorders can develop either gradually (for a long time) or quickly (for a very short time, for example, in the case of high doses of furosemide in patients with normal renal function). Factors contributing to the development of violations of water-electrolyte balance are the main diseases (for example, cirrhosis of the liver or heart failure); concomitant therapy with drugs that change the water-electrolyte balance; malnutrition and drinking regimen; vomiting, diarrhea, increased sweating. Dehydration and hypovolemia (decrease in the volume of circulating blood), especially in elderly patients, which can lead to hemoconcentration with a tendency to develop thrombosis (see below). Increase in the concentration of creatinine in the blood.Increase in the concentration of triglycerides in the blood serum.
Often: hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, increase concentration of cholesterol in the blood. Increased concentration of uric acid in the blood and exacerbation of the gout.
Infrequently: decreased glucose tolerance. Possible manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus.
Frequency unknown: hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, increased urea concentration in the blood, metabolic alkalosis.
Heart Disease:
Often: a marked decrease in blood pressure, including orthostatic hypotension;
Vascular disorders:
Rarely: vasculitis;
Frequency unknown: thrombosis.
Disorders from the kidneys and urinary tract:
Often: increased urine volume;
Rarely: tubulointerstitial nephritis;
Frequency unknown: increased urinary sodium, increased urinary chloride, urinary retention (in patients with partial obstruction of the urinary tract, see section "Special instructions"), nephrocalcinosis / nephrolithiasis in premature infants (see section "Special instructions"), renal insufficiency cm.section "Interaction with other drugs").
Gastrointestinal disorders:
Infrequently: nausea;
Rarely: vomiting, diarrhea;
Rarely: acute pancreatitis.
Disorders from the liver and bile ducts:
Rarely: cholestasis, increased activity of "liver" transaminases.
Impaired nervous system:
Often: hepatic encephalopathy in patients with hepatocellular insufficiency (see the section "Contraindications").
Rarely: paresthesia.
Violations from the organ of hearing and labyrinth:
Infrequently: hearing impairment, although usually transient, especially in patients with renal insufficiency, hypoproteinemia (eg, with nephrotic syndrome) and / or too fast intravenous administration of furosemide;
Rarely: noise in ears.
Disturbances from the skin and subcutaneous tissues:
Infrequently: itching, hives, rashes, bullous dermatitis, erythema multiforme, pemphigoid, exfoliative dermatitis, purpura, photosensitivity reactions;
Frequency unknown: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS-syndrome).
Immune system disorders:
Rarely: severe anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions up to the development of anaphylactic shock.
Violations from the blood and lymphatic system:
Often: hemoconcentration;
Infrequently: thrombocytopenia;
Rarely: leukopenia, eosinophilia;
Rarely: agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, or hemolytic anemia.
Disturbances from the musculoskeletal and connective tissue:
Frequency unknown: cases of rhabdomyolysis, often associated with severe hypokalemia.
Congenital, family and genetic disorders:
Frequency unknown: an increased risk of non-spreading of arterial duct, when furosemide is introduced to premature infants during the first week of life.
Common disorders and reactions at the site of administration:
Rarely: fever;
Frequency unknown: after intramuscular injection, a local reaction in the form of pain is possible.
Since some adverse reactions (such as a change in the blood picture, severe anaphylactic or anaphylactic reactions, severe skin allergic reactions) may, under certain conditions, threaten the life of the patient, then any side effects should immediately be reported to the doctor.