Pentacin (Pentacin)

Composition Pharmacodynamics Indications Carefully Contraindications Dosing and Administration Side effects Form release / dosage
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Active substanceCalcium trisodium pentateCalcium trisodium pentate
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    FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE     Russia
    • Dosage form: & nbspsolution for intravenous administration and inhalation
    Composition:Composition per ml:

    Active substances:
    Calcium trisodium pentate 50.0 mg
    Excipients:
    Water for injection up to 1 ml, a solution of hydrochloric acid 0.1 M to adjust the pH 6.1

    Description:Colorless transparent liquid.
    Pharmacotherapeutic group:Complexing agent
    ATX: & nbsp

    V.03.A.B   Antidotes

    Pharmacodynamics:

    Pentacin accelerates the removal of plutonium, yttrium, cerium, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, manganese and lead from the body, including their radioactive isotopes, but does not have a significant effect on the excretion of uranium, polonium, radium, radioactive strontium. Pentacin binds magnesium.

    The drug does not affect the content of calcium, potassium, proteins and the morphological composition of peripheral blood.

    The maximum effect of the drug is achieved in the first 24 hours after poisoning.

    The main amount of heavy metals and their radioactive isotopes is released in the first 4-6 hours after administration of Pentacin.

    Pharmacokinetics:

    Virtually not metabolized in the body. The main amount of pentacin is excreted in the urine by glomerular filtration in unchanged form, less than 3% is removed with feces. The half-life (T1/2) is 90-100 minutes.Although in 24 hours Pentacin is not detected in the plasma, increased isotope excretion persists within 24 hours after a single intravenous injection.

    With the inhalation method of administration, 20% of the injected drug enters the plasma.

    Indications:

    Pentacin is used for acute and chronic poisoning with plutonium, yttrium, cerium, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, manganese, lead and a mixture of uranium fission products, as well as to identify the carrier of these elements and their radioisotopes.

    Contraindications:

    The use of pentacin is contraindicated in the fever of the patient, impaired renal function, hypertension in the presence of angina pectoris and children under 18 years (with inhalation administration).

    Carefully:

    Use with caution in: renal failure, bronchial asthma (with inhalation administration).

    Pregnancy and lactation:

    It is undesirable to use the drug in pregnant women (apply only for acute poisoning).

    Dosing and Administration:

    Pentacin is used intravenously and inhalation.

    Intravenously:

    Adults and children over 12 years: intravenously, the drug is administered as an aqueous solution of 50 mg / ml, a single single dose is 250 mg (5 ml). In acute cases, the dose may be exceeded to 1500 mg.It is recommended slow administration of the drug under the control of the state of the cardiovascular system (blood pressure, pulse). Pentacin used after 1-2 days for 10-20 injections per course followed by a break of 3-4 months.

    Children under 12 years old: intravenously, single dose is 14 mg / kg, but not more than 1000 mg per day.

    With exacerbations of lead intoxication (lead colic) Pentacin is administered intravenously at 1000-2000 mg (20-40 ml of an aqueous solution of 50 mg / ml).

    To detect carrier of heavy metals and their radioactive isotopes, Pentacin is used in therapeutic doses (250 mg) daily for 3 days with mandatory urine testing for their content after a preliminary three-day control (background) study.

    Inhalation:

    Pentacin is used in the form of highly dispersed aerosols obtained by spraying an aqueous solution of 50 mg / ml Pentacin with high-capacity aerosols (for example, ultrasonic devices). It is provided for 20-30-minute exposure to the introduction into the lungs of a single single dose of 100-200 mg of Pentacin. In cases of inhalation damage by radioactive substances, Pentacin aerosols are used 2-3 times in the first day. Then, once a day, courses of 10-20 inhalations.

    Patients need a large amount of fluid (to reduce the radioactive burden on the urinary system).

    Side effects:

    Allergic reactions: urticaria, dermatitis, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, angioedema, anaphylaxis.

    Local reactions: pain, burning and redness at the injection site.

    From the nervous system: headache, dizziness, sudden development of movement disorders (muscle weakness, increased muscle tone, increased resistance to stretching of muscles, etc.) and convulsions.

    From the digestive system: hiccough, dryness of the oral mucosa and metallic taste in the mouth, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, sometimes asymptomatic transient increase in the activity of aminotransferases in blood serum.

    From the respiratory system: cough, dyspnea (only with inhalation administration).

    From the side of the cardiovascular system: pain in the chest, in some cases with depression of the segment ST, arrhythmias, bradycardia, lowering blood pressure.

    Other: "Tide" of blood to the face, a feeling of heat, a temporary violation of visual acuity, hypokalemia, a decrease in the content of zinc, manganese and magnesium in the body with prolonged use.

    Overdose:

    In case of overdose, there are phenomena similar to that of osmotic nephrosis (massive proteinuria, hypo- and dysproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, in particular hypercholesterolemia, and edema), in which case one should apply osmotic diuretics, for example, mannitol.

    Interaction:

    The drug interaction of pentacin is not described.

    Special instructions:

    With long-term use of Pentacin, its effectiveness with respect to excretion of heavy metals and their radioactive isotopes decreases with time; restoration of it occurs only a few months after discontinuation of the drug. In this regard, treatment is recommended to be carried out by separate courses with breaks between them in 3-4 months. The need for breaks is also caused by the fact that as a result of prolonged treatment, symptoms of kidney damage may appear.

    When inhalation is not recommended, joint intake of expectorants.

    In connection with side effects from the nervous system, it is not recommended to perform potentially dangerous activities requiring special attention and quick reactions (driving and other vehicles, working with moving mechanisms, dispatcher, operator, etc.).

    During treatment, it is necessary to conduct at least 1 time per week both a general clinical analysis of urine and determination of excreted amounts of heavy metals and their radioactive isotopes in urine.

    Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

    Data on the adverse effects of Pentacin on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms are not available. There are reports of headache, dizziness, sudden developmental movement disorder, seizures, temporary violation of visual acuity, etc. This should be taken into account when carrying out the above actions.

    Form release / dosage:Solution for intravenous administration and inhalation 50 mg / ml.
    Packaging:

    For 5 ml in neutral glass ampoules, 5 ampoules in a contour cell package, 2 contour packs or 10 ampoules together with instructions for use in a pack of cardboard.

    Storage conditions:

    In a dry, protected from light place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Shelf life:

    5 years.

    The drug should not be used after the expiry date indicated on the package.

    Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription
    Registration number:PL-000521
    Date of registration:01.03.2011 / 08.07.2013
    Expiration Date:01.03.2016
    The owner of the registration certificate:FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE Russia
    Manufacturer: & nbsp
    Information update date: & nbsp11.09.2015
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