Calcium trisodium pentate (Calcii trinatrii pentetas)

Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Indications Carefully Contraindications Dosing and Administration Side effects
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Clinical and pharmacological group: & nbsp

Detoxifying agents, including antidotes

Included in the formulation
  • Pentatech 99mTc
    lyophilizate in / in 
    DIAMED, LLC     Russia
  • Pentacin
    solution d / inhal. in / in 
    FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE     Russia
    • Included in the list (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2782-r of 30.12.2014):

    VED

    АТХ:

    V.03.A.B   Antidotes

    Pharmacodynamics:

    The mechanism of action is associated with the ability to form persistent, poorly dissociating complexes with many dibasic and tribasic metals. These complexes are usually easily soluble in water and when formed in the body are relatively quickly excreted in the urine. Does not change the blood content of potassium and calcium. Has no significant effect on the excretion of uranium, polonium, radium and radioactive strontium.

    Pharmacokinetics:

    Virtually not metabolized in the body. The main amount is excreted in the urine by glomerular filtration in unchanged form, less than 3% is removed with feces. Half-life is 90-100 minutes. After 24 calcium trisodium pentate in plasma is not determined, increased release of isotopes persists within 24 hours after a single intravenous injection. With the inhalation method of administration, 20% of the injected drug enters the plasma.

    Indications:Acute and chronic poisoning with plutonium, radioactive yttrium, cesium, zinc, lead, a mixture of uranium fission products; detection of carrier of these radioisotopes.
    ICD-10

    XIX.T51-T65.T56   Toxicity of metals

    Contraindications:

    Hypersensitivity, febrile syndrome, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, arterial hypertension of renal genesis, stenocardia.

    Carefully:No data.
    Pregnancy and lactation:

    It is undesirable to use the drug in pregnant women (apply only for acute poisoning). There is no information on the penetration into breast milk.

    The category of FDA recommendations is not defined.

    Dosing and Administration:

    A single dose of 250 mg, in acute cases, it is possible to increase the dose to 1.5 g. Enter intravenously slowly, the interval between each introduction is 1-2 days, the course of treatment - 10-20 injections. Treatment is carried out by separate courses with intervals between them 3-4 months.

    When the acute effects of lead intoxication (lead colic) are injected intravenously for 1-2 g.

    To detect carrier of radioactive isotopes and lead, the drug is used for 3 consecutive days at therapeutic doses and the isotope and lead content in urine is examined. Preliminary within 3 days, a control (background) study is performed.

    Inhalation: in the form of highly disperse aerosols obtained by spraying an aqueous solution of 50 mg / ml. It is provided for 20-30-minute exposure to the introduction of a single dose of 100-200 mg into the lungs. In cases of inhalation with radioactive substances, aerosols are used 2-3 times on the first day, then once a day with courses of 10-20 inhalations.

    Side effects:

    Allergic reactions.

    From the nervous system: headache, dizziness, sudden developmental movement disorders and seizures.

    From the digestive system: hiccough, dryness of the oral mucosa, metallic taste in the mouth, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, sometimes asymptomatic transient increase in the activity of aminotransferases in blood serum.

    From the respiratory system: cough, shortness of breath (only with inhalation route of administration).

    From the cardiovascular system: pain in the chest, in some cases with depression of the segment ST, arrhythmias, bradycardia, lowering blood pressure.

    Other: "tide" of blood to the face, a feeling of heat, a temporary violation of visual acuity, hypokalemia, a decrease in the content of zinc, manganese and magnesium in the body with prolonged use.

    Overdose:

    When overdosing, there are phenomena similar to the picture of osmotic nephrosis (massive proteinuria, hypo- and dysproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, in particular, hypercholesterolemia and edema), in this case osmotic diuretics should be used.

    Interaction:

    Not described.

    Special instructions:

    With long-term use, the effectiveness of the drug with regard to excretion of heavy metals and their radioactive isotopes decreases with time, recovery occurs only a few months after discontinuation of the drug. In this regard, treatment is recommended to be carried out by separate courses with breaks between them in 3-4 months. When inhalation is not recommended, joint intake of expectorants.

    Due to side effects from the nervous system, it is not recommended to carry out potentially dangerous activities requiring special attention and quick reactions (driving and other vehicles, working with moving mechanisms, dispatcher, operator, etc.).

    During treatment, it is necessary to conduct at least 1 time per week as a general clinical analysis of urine,and the determination in urine of deduced quantities of heavy metals and their radioactive isotopes.

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