Parenteral. Asthmatic status: as part of complex therapy; small additional effect for adults - IV infusion 720-750 mg, - and for children.
Apnea of newborns: injected on a nasogastric tube at an initial dose of 5 mg / kg, maintaining a dose of 2 mg / kg in 2 divided doses; the duration of treatment is several weeks or months. In preterm infants, the loading dose is 5-6 mg / kg intravenously, then 1.5 mg / kg every 8 hours for 48 hours.
Violation of cerebral circulation by ischemic type (as part of complex therapy, insufficient evidence, the effect is not revealed).
Edema syndrome with kidney disease (as part of complex therapy).
Left ventricular failure, occurring with bronchospasm and Cheyne-Stokes breathing.
Inside.
Bronchoobstructive syndrome of various origin: bronchial asthma (a means of choice for physical stress asthma and an adjunct in other forms), COPD (emphysema, chronic obstructive bronchitis). Pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary heart.
Nocturnal apnea (insufficient evidence, no effect).
Intravenously adults with urgent conditions: 6 mg / kg, previously dissolved in 10-20 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, injected slowly for 5 minutes.
Intramuscularly to adults: 100-500 mg / day.
Inside adults: 100-200 mg 3-4 times a day, if necessary, increase the dose every 3 days.
Inside adults in the form of prolonged forms: the initial dose of 175 mg every 12 hours, then the dose is increased every 3 days to obtain the optimal therapeutic effect.
In the acute phase of COPD, an adult: an initial dose of 5-6 mg / kg (with a further increase in dose for every 0.5 mg / kg, the concentration of aminophylline in the blood increases by 1 μg / ml). Concentration in the blood should not exceed 20 mcg / ml. The maintenance dose for smokers is 4 mg / kg every 6 hours, for non-smokers and patients with liver disease - 2 mg / kg every 8 hours.
Outside the exacerbation of COPD, an initial dose of 6-8 mg / kg / day (maximum 400 mg / day) in 3-4 divided doses is possible, increasing the dose by 25% every 2-3 days to a maximum of 13 mg / kg / day (900 mg / day).
Rectally in the form of microclysters: 0.24-0.48 g in 20-25 ml of warm water; children - according to age.
Maximum doses for adults inside, intramuscularly and rectally: single-dose 0.5 g daily, 1.5 g; intravenously: single - 0.25 g, daily - 0.5 g.
Use in children
For maintenance therapy, asthma is taken internally; dosing according to the manufacturer's instructions.
For relief of a severe asthma attack.
Intravenously sprayed for 20 minutes (provided that before the introduction of the patient did not take theophylline). 1 month to 18 years: 5 mg / kg (maximum 500 mg), then - intravenous infusion.
Intravenous infusion (dose is selected by determining the concentration of theophylline in the blood plasma). 1 month to 9 years: 1 mg / kg / h. 9-16 years: at 800 mcg / kg / h. 16-18 years: at 500 mcg / kg / h.
The optimal effective concentration of theophylline in plasma for bronchial asthma is 10-20 mg / l. Children receiving theophylline or aminophylline inside, usually appoint aminophylline intravenously only in the case when it is possible to control the concentration of theophylline in the plasma.
For the treatment of apnea of newborns. Intravenously spray for 20 minutes: an initial dose of 6 mg / kg, then - 2.5 mg / kg every 12 hours, increasing if necessary up to 3.5 mg / kg every 12 hours.
The optimal concentration of theophylline in plasma in the treatment of apnea of newborns is 8-12 mg / l. Children receiving theophylline or aminophylline inside, usually appoint aminophylline intravenously only with the ability to control the concentrations of theophylline in plasma.
In the acute phase of the disease, the initial dose is 5-6 mg / kg, and the maintenance dose (mg / kg) is calculated by the following formula. Up to 6 months: 0,07 × age in weeks + 1,7 (every 8 hours). 6-12 months: 0.05 × age in weeks + 1.25 (every 6 hours). 1-9 years: 5 mg / kg every 6 hours 9-12 years: 4 mg / kg every 6 hours 12-16 years: 3 mg / kg every 6 hours.
In the absence of exacerbation, the initial dose of 16 mg / kg / day (maximum 400 mg / day) in 3-4 divided doses can be increased by 25% every 2-3 days to a maximum daily dose, which is up to 1 year 0.3 × age in weeks + 8. In 1-9 years - 22 mg / kg. In 9-12 years - 20 mg / kg.At the age of 12-16 years - 18 mg / kg. At the age of 16-18 - 13 mg / kg.
Intramuscularly - 15 mg / kg / day.
Intravenous (duration of parenteral administration does not exceed 14 days). Less than 3 months: 30-60 mg / day. 4-12 months: 60-90 mg / day. 2-3 years: 90-120 mg. 4-7 years: 120-240 mg. 8-18 years: 250-500 mg / day.
The largest doses for children inside, intramuscularly and rectally: single dose - 7 mg / kg, daily - 15 mg / kg; intravenously: single dose - 3 mg / kg.