Included in the formulation
АТХ:D.11.A.X.01 Minoxidil
Pharmacodynamics:Primary enlargement of arterioles, insignificant widening of veins, reduction of peripheral resistance. It is suggested that the blood supply to the skin is increased due to local vasodilation. Stimulation of hair follicle transition from the resting state (telogen) to active growth (anagen). Stimulates growth hair: the onset of action after 4 months (when applying 2% solution 2 times a day), the duration of the action 3-4 months after discontinuation of use. The hypotensive effect develops when ingested. The onset of action after 30 minutes, the maximum effect is achieved after 2-3 hours, the duration of the action is 24-48 hours, in some cases up to 72 hours. Time to achieve maximum effect with regular admission - 3-7 days.
Pharmacokinetics:Absorption from the skin insignificant 1.6% and 3.9-4.5% for 1% or 2% solution, respectively; increases with inflammation of the skin. Application of 1% solution in a dose of 5 μl / cm2 on the entire scalp corresponds to a dose of 1.2 mg when taken orally. Application of 1% and 2% solutions in 50% of the surface of the scalp and usually causes less systemic side effects have been absorbed dose in this case does not exceed 1.2 mg. Absorption from the digestive tract is 90%. Biotransformation in the liver with the formation of active metabolites (much less active than minoxidil). The elimination half-life is 4.2 hours and does not change if the renal function is impaired. Elimination (in case resorptive action) is carried out by the kidneys 95% (within 4 days) and the intestines of 3% (the value of this index increases to 20% in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. In overdose excess substance is removed from the plasma by hemodialysis, but it is not immediately leads to an improvement in the patient's condition.
Indications:Androgenic alopecia.
XII.L60-L75.L64 Androgenic alopecia
XII.L60-L75.L65 Other non-scarring hair loss
Contraindications:Individual intolerance.
Chronic heart failure, not associated with hypertension.
Angina pectoris.
Exudative pericarditis.
Pheochromocytoma.
Chronic renal failure.
Stenosis of the mitral valve opening.
Secondary hypertension in a small circle of blood circulation.
Pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding.
Carefully:Violation of the integrity of the skin.
Dermatosis of the scalp.
Elderly (over 65 years of age).
Predisposition to neoangiogenesis.
HIV infection and AIDS.
Porphyria.
Pregnancy and lactation:The action category for the fetus is not defined. There is no information on the penetration into breast milk with topical application. It is not recommended to use during breastfeeding and pregnancy.
Dosing and Administration:Androgenic alopecia: prescribe externally 1 ml 2% solution 2 times a day.
Inside adults and children over 12 years of age, the initial dose of 5 mg in day in 1-2 admission, if necessary, the dose is gradually increased every 2-3 days. The average maintenance dose is 10-40 mg in day, the maximum dose is 100 mg in dayki. Children younger than 12 years of age, once, the initial dose - at a rate of 0.2 mg / kg in dayaverage therapeutic dose 0.2-1 mg / kg in day, the maximum is 50 mg / kg in day.
Side effects:Cardiovascular system: arterial hypotension.
Skin: itching, dryness and scaling of the scalp, hypertrichosis, seborrhea, irritation.
Allergic reactions: dermatitis, urticaria, rhinitis, edema of the face.
Overdose:When an overdose occurs, pain behind the sternum, arrhythmia, tachycardia, hypotension, paresthesia (legs, hands, face), reflex hypertension, sodium and water retention (swelling, rapid weight gain), vasodilation (face redness, headache). Treatment is symptomatic. Hemodialysis (effective, but the improvement of the patient's condition does not come immediately).
Interaction:Glucocorticosteroids for topical application and retinoids for topical application - an increase in the activity of minoxidil resorption.
Guanethidine - increased risk of orthostatic hypotension.
Special instructions:Has a moderate activity of stimulating hair growth. It requires constant application to stimulate hair growth, which can lead to local and systemic side effects.