Pefloxacin - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

The broad-spectrum antibacterial drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA by blocking the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, breaks the cross-linking of DNA breaks, destroys the cytoplasm, cell wall and bacterial membranes. It acts on extra- and intracellularly located microorganisms.

Has a wide range of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as anaerobic microflora and certain microorganisms: mycoplasma, rickettsia, ureaplasma. Effective against bacteria resistant to β-lactam and macrolide antibiotics, as well as in microbial diseases in patients with low immunity, in the treatment of bronchopulmonary infection against cystic fibrosis.

Pharmacokinetics:

After ingestion fasting until 99-100% absorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract. The maximum concentration in the blood plasma is reached after 1-1,5 hours. Relationship to plasma proteins is 20%, penetrates into all tissues and organs, including leukocytes and alveolar macrophages.

Metabolism in the liver.

The half-life is 12 hours. Elimination by the kidneys and with feces.

Indications:

It is used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by susceptible to malaria infections: urogenital infections, respiratory and ENT infections, infections of the digestive system, bone and joint infections, skin and soft tissues; sepsis; endocarditis; bacterial meningitis.

ICD-10

I.A00-A09.A01.0 Typhoid fever

I.A00-A09.A02.9 Salmonella infection, unspecified

I.A00-A09.A02.8 Other specified salmonella infection

XI.K00-K14.K10.9 Jaw disease, unspecified

XIII.M60-M63.M60.0 Infectious myositis

XIII.M60-M63.M63.2 * Myositis in other infectious diseases classified elsewhere

XI.K80-K87.K81 Cholecystitis

XIII.M00-M03 Infectious arthropathy

XIV.N30-N39.N39.0 Urinary tract infection without established localization

XIV.N40-N51.N49 Inflammatory diseases of male genital organs, not elsewhere classified

I.A50-A64.A57 Shankroyd

VI.G00-G09.G00 Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified

X.J00-J06.J06 Acute upper respiratory tract infections of multiple and unspecified sites

X.J30-J39.J37 Chronic laryngitis and laryngotracheitis

XI.K00-K14.K05 Gingivitis and periodontal disease

XI.K00-K14.K12 Stomatitis and related lesions

XI.K65-K67.K65 Peritonitis

XI.K80-K87.K83.0 Cholangitis

XII.L00-L08.L08.9 Local infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue, unspecified

XIV.N40-N51.N41.9 Inflammatory disease of prostate, unspecified

XIV.N70-N77.N70 Salpingitis and oophoritis

XXI.Z100.Z100 * CLASS XXII Surgical Practice

Contraindications:

Epilepsy, severe renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 20 ml / min), deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, individual intolerance, children under 18 years of age.

Carefully:

Elderly patients with a kidney hypofunction probability, hypersensitivity to quinolones.

Pregnancy and lactation:

Recommendations for FDA - Category C. Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.

Dosing and Administration:

Inside, 400 mg 2 times a day: morning and evening. Parenteral: intravenous drip 400 mg twice a day for 1 hour with an initial dose of 800 mg.

The highest daily dose: 800 mg.

The highest single dose: 800 mg.

Side effects:

Central and peripheral nervous system: dizziness, headache, drowsiness, paresthesia in the hands, hallucinatory disorders, convulsions, decreased tactile sensitivity.

The cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia.

Hemopoietic system: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia.

Metabolism: rarely - hypoglycemia.

Digestive system: dyspeptic disorders, diarrhea, increased activity of hepatic enzymes.

Musculoskeletal system: lesions of tendons (children's age), muscle weakness, rarely - rhabdomyolysis.

Dysbacteriosis.

Allergic reactions.

Overdose:

Strengthening of side effects, primarily in relation to the central nervous system and the psyche: impaired consciousness, convulsive attacks like epipripeds.

Treatment is symptomatic.

Interaction:

With simultaneous use with theophylline, there is a decrease in convulsive activity.

Glucocorticoids increase the risk of rupture of tendons.

With the simultaneous use of vitamin K antagonists, hemorrhagic diathesis may develop.

Special instructions:

In the treatment of patients who have suffered a stroke or severe craniocerebral injury, convulsive activity increases.

Treatment pefloksatsinom can begin, without waiting for the result of bacteriological studies of the sensitivity of pathogenic flora to antibiotics.

During pefloxacin treatment, it is necessary to provide a sufficient amount of fluid while observing normal diuresis.

When taking the drug, photosensitization reactions may occur, therefore it is recommended to avoid contact with direct sunlight.

Given the possible complications of the central nervous system, patients are not advised to drive and perform work in an unstable position of the body.

Instructions

Pefloxacin (Pefloxacinum)