Antimicrobial drug from the group of fluoroquinolones, the left-handed isomer of ofloxacin. Has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action.
Levofloxacin blocks DNA-gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, disrupts supercoiling and cross-linking of DNA gaps, inhibits DNA synthesis, causes profound morphological changes in the cytoplasm, cell wall and bacterial membranes. Levofloxacin active against most strains of microorganisms both in conditions in vitro, and in vivo.
In vitro sensitive (IPC ≤ 2 mg / ml) aerobic Gram-positive microorganisms: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Enterococcus spp. (incl. Enterococcus faecalis). Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus spp. (coagulase-negative methicillin-sensitive / methicillin-moderately sensitive strains), Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-sensitive strains), Staphylococcus epidermidis (methicillin-sensitive strains), Staphylococcus spp. (leukotoxin-containing and coagulase-negative methicillin-sensitive / moderately sensitive; strains), Streptococcus spp. group C and G (incl. Streptococcus agalactiae. Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-sensitive / moderately sensitive / resistant strains). Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus spp. groups viridans (penicillin-sensitive / resistant strains);
aerobic gram-negative microorganisms: Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter spp., Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Citrobacter freundii. Eikenella corrodens, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter agglomerans, Enterobacter spp. (at t.h. Enterobacter cloacae), Escherichia coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus ducreyi, Haemophilus influenzae (ampicillin-sensitive/resistant strains), Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Helicobacter pylori. Klebsiella spp. (at t.h. Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae), Moraxella catarrhalis (strains, producing and non-reducing R-lactamase), Morganella morganii, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (strains, producing and non-reducing penicillinase), Neisseria meningitidis, Pasteurella spp. (at t.h. Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, Pasteurella multocida), Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia spp. (at t.h. Providencia rettgeri, Providencia stuartii), Pseudomonas spp. (at t.h. Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Salmonella spp., Serratia spp. (Serratia marcescens);
anaerobic microorganisms: Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium, spp., Clostridium perfringens, Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp.. Propionibacterium spp., Veillonella spp.;
other microorganisms: Bartonella spp., Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis, Legionella pneumophila, Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp. (at t.h. Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis), Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Rickettsia spp., Ureaplasma urealyticum.
Levofloxacin moderately active (IPC ≥ 4 mg/l) at respect aerobic gram-positive microorganisms: Corynebacterium urealyticum, Corynebacterium xerosis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus epidermidis (methicillin-resistant strains), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (methicillin-resistant strains);
aerobic gram-negative microorganisms: Burkholderia cepacia, Campylobacter jejuni. Campylobacter coli;
anaerobic microorganisms: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicronron, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides ovatus, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp.
TO levofoloxacin are stable (IPC ≥ 8 mg/l) aerobic gram positive microorganisms: Corynebacterium jeikeium. Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-resistant strains), Staphylococcus spp. (coagulase-negative methicillin-resistant strains);
aerobic gram-negative microorganisms: Alcaligenes xylosoxidans;
other microorganisms: Mycobacterium avium.