Adverse effects in adult patients
The most frequent adverse events (> 5%) in controlled clinical trials of the drug in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were nasopharyngitis, headache and upper respiratory tract infections. Most of these events were mild and did not require discontinuation of treatment.
Side effects of the drug are systematized relative to each of the organ systems depending on the frequency of occurrence using the following classification: very often (≥ 1/10), often (≥ 1/100, <1/10), infrequently (≥ 1/1000, <1 / 100), rarely (≥ 1/10000, <1/1000), very rarely (<1/10000), including isolated cases.
Infectious and parasitic diseases:
Often: odontogenic infections, upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis.
Infrequently: inflammation of subcutaneous fat, shingles, viral infections of the upper respiratory tract.
In placebo-controlled studies in patients with psoriasis and / or psoriatic arthritis, the incidence of infection and serious infection with Stelar® and placebo was the same (incidence of 1.27 and 1.17 cases per person-year of treatment, infections - respectively 0.01 (5/616) and 0.01 (4/287) cases per person-year of treatment).
In controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, the incidence of infections with Stelar® was 0.86 cases per person-year of treatment. The incidence of serious infection was 0.01 cases per person-year of treatment (107/9848). Serious infections included diverticulitis, inflammation of subcutaneous fat, appendicitis, cholecystitis and sepsis.
Mental disorders:
Infrequently: depression.
Impaired nervous system:
Often: dizziness, headache.
Infrequently: defeat of the facial nerve.
Disturbances from the respiratory system, chest and mediastinal organs:
Often: pain in the throat and larynx.
Infrequently: nasal congestion.
Disorders from the gastrointestinal tract:
Often: diarrhea, vomiting, nausea.
Disturbances from the skin and subcutaneous tissues:
Often: itching.
Infrequently: peeling of the skin.
Rarely: exfoliative dermatitis.
Disorders from the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue:
Often: back pain, myalgia, arthralgia.
General disorders and reactions at the injection site:
Often: fatigue, erythema at the injection site, pain at the injection site.
Infrequently: reactions at the site of administration (including hemorrhage, hematoma, compaction, swelling and itching).
Description of some adverse reactions
Malignant tumors
In 3 clinical placebo-controlled trials in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, the incidence of malignant tumors (not including non-melanoma skin cancer) in patients receiving ustekinumab and placebo, was acc. 0.16 (1/615) and 0.35 (1/287) cases per 100 people / year. The frequency of development of other forms of skin cancer than melanoma with the use of the drug Stelar® and placebo was acc. 0.65 (4/615) and 0.70 (2/287) cases per 100 people / year.The frequency of malignant tumors in patients treated with Stelar® was comparable to the incidence of tumors in the general population.
Most often, in addition to non-melanoma skin cancer, malignant tumors of the prostate, intestines, mammary glands and melanoma were observed.
The incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in patients receiving Stelar® was 0.61 cases per 100 people / year (41/6770).
Hypersensitivity reactions
In clinical trials, rash and urticaria were observed in less than 1% of patients.
Immunogenicity
Approximately 6% of patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis who received Stelar® received antibodies to ustekinumab, which usually had a low titer. There was no clear correlation between the formation of antibodies and the presence of reactions at the injection site. In the presence of antibodies to ustekinumab, patients often had a lower efficacy of the drug, although the presence of antibodies does not exclude the achievement of a clinical effect.
Most patients with psoriasis who had antibodies to ustekinumab also had antibodies that neutralized such antibodies.
Side effects in children
The safety of Stelar® was studied in 110 patients aged 12 to 18 years with a duration of therapy up to 60 weeks. Undesirable reactions observed in children are similar to those in adults.
Undesirable phenomena revealed in the post-marketing application of Stelar®
From the immune system:
Infrequently: hypersensitivity reactions (including rash and hives).
Rarely: severe hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis and angioedema).
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue:
Infrequently: pustular psoriasis.
Rarely: psoriatic erythroderma.