Ethanol - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Antiseptic. With external application has antimicrobial effect. It is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and viruses. Denature the proteins of microorganisms.

Antiseptic activity increases with increasing ethanol concentration.

To disinfect the skin, 70% solution is used, penetrating deeper layers of the epidermis better than 95%, which has a tanning effect on the skin and mucous membranes.

With systemic application it has the ability to cause analgesia and general anesthesia.The cells of the central nervous system are most sensitive to ethanol, especially the cells of the cerebral cortex, affecting, ethanol causes a characteristic alcoholic excitement associated with the weakening of the processes of inhibition. Then comes the weakening of the processes of excitation in the cortex, the inhibition of the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata with suppression of the activity of the respiratory center.

It is a solvent for a number of medicinal products, as well as an extractant for a number of substances contained in medicinal plant raw materials.

Pharmacokinetics:

Ethanol is metabolized in the liver with the participation of the isoenzyme CYP2E1, the inducer of which it is.

Indications:

Treatment of inflammatory skin diseases in the initial stage (furuncle, panaritium, mastitis); the treatment of the hands of the surgeon (the methods of Fürbringer, Alfred), the operating field (including in persons with increased sensitivity to other antiseptics, in children and in operations on areas with thin skin in adults - in the neck, face).

As a local irritant drug.

For the manufacture of medicinal forms for external use, tinctures, extracts.

Preservation of biological material.

ICD-10

XII.L00-L08.L02 Abscess of skin, boil and carbuncle

XII.L60-L75.L60 Diseases of the nails

XIV.N60-N64.N61 Inflammatory diseases of the breast

XXI.Z20-Z29.Z29.8 Other specified preventive measures

XXI.Z40-Z54.Z51.4 Preparatory procedures for subsequent treatment, not elsewhere classified

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to ethanol.

Carefully:Ethanol when applied externally, it is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, which should be taken into account when used in children, pregnant women and during lactation.

Pregnancy and lactation:

Allowed if the benefit to the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus and the baby.

Dosing and Administration:

It is used depending on the indications and dosage form.

To process the surgical field and pre-surgical disinfection of the hands of the surgeon, 70% solution is used, it is recommended to use a 40% solution for compresses and wipes (to avoid burns).

95% solution should be diluted to the required concentrations in accordance with the indications.

Drugs prepared on the basis of ethanol are used in accordance with the instructions for the medical use of these dosage forms.

When poisoning with methyl alcohol inside appoint a 30% solution of ethanol or its 5% solution is administered intravenously in a sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution.

During the inhalation of ethanol to avoid its intense absorption and the appearance of excitation every 30-35 minutes should be inhaled oxygen or an oxygen-air mixture.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions, skin burns, hyperemia and soreness of the skin at the site of compression. When used externally, it is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes and can have a systemic toxic effect (CNS depression).

Overdose:

With external application, cases of overdose are not known. In case of redness and irritation of the skin, which are signs of an overdose, it is necessary to wash the liquid with water and stop its use.

When ingestion in high doses may oppress the activity of the respiratory center, intoxication, inhibition, confusion, acute cardiovascular insufficiency. When poisoning due to the intake of ethanol, internally cause vomiting, wash the stomach. If necessary, resuscitative measures are used.

Interaction:

At simultaneous application strengthens action of the preparations having oppressing influence on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, the respiratory center.

When ingested with drugs that have an inhibitory effect on the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (which is involved in the metabolism of ethyl alcohol), the concentration of the metabolite of ethanol - acetaldehyde, causing blood flushes to the face, nausea, vomiting, general malaise, tachycardia, lowering blood pressure, increases.

Special instructions:

Do not take inside during treatment with medications.

Ethanol for external use is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, which should be considered when used in children, pregnant women and lactating.

A medicinal preparation used as a solution for external use does not affect the ability to drive a car and other potentially dangerous mechanisms. For drugs prepared on the basis of ethanol, the influence on the ability to drive a car and other potentially dangerous mechanisms is determined in accordance with the instructions for medical use for these dosage forms.

Instructions

Ethanol (Aethanolum)