The target blood glucose concentration, the insulin preparations that should be used, the insulin dosage regimen (doses and timing of administration) should be determined and adjusted individually to match the diet,the level of physical activity and lifestyle of the patient.
Treatment with insulin requires appropriate self-treatment of the patient. The doctor should give the necessary instructions how often to determine the concentration of glucose in the blood, and also give appropriate recommendations in case of any changes in the diet or in the mode of insulin therapy.
There are no strictly regulated dosing rules for insulin. However, the average daily dose of insulin is 0.5-1.0 IU per kg of body weight per day, and the share of human insulin prolonged action accounts for 60% of the required daily dose of insulin.
Switching from another type of insulin to Insuman® Comb 25 GT
When transferring patients from one type of insulin to another, it may be necessary to adjust the dosage regimen of insulin: for example, when switching from animal insulin to human insulin, or from one preparation of human insulin to another, or from the treatment with soluble human insulin to regimen , which includes longer-acting insulin.
After switching from animal insulin to human insulin, it may be necessary to reduce the dose of insulin, especially in patients,which were previously conducted at sufficiently low concentrations of glucose in the blood; in patients with a tendency to develop hypoglycemia; in patients who previously required high doses of insulin due to the presence of antibodies to insulin.
The need for correction (reduction) of the dose can occur immediately after switching to a new type of insulin or develop gradually over several weeks.
When switching from one type of insulin to another and then in the following first weeks, careful monitoring of the concentration of glucose in the blood is recommended. In patients who required high doses of insulin because of the presence of antibodies, it is recommended to switch to another type of insulin under medical supervision in the hospital.
Additional change in the dose of insulin
Improving metabolic control can lead to an increase sensitivity to insulin, as a result of which the body's need for insulin may decrease.
A dose change may also be required when:
- change in patient's body weight;
- lifestyle changes (including diet, level of physical activity, etc.);
- other circumstances that may increase predisposition to hypo- or hyperglycemia (see section "Special instructions").
Dosing regimen in special patient groups
Elderly people
In elderly people, the need for insulin may decrease (see the sections "With caution", "Special instructions").
It is recommended that initiation of treatment, increasing doses and selection of maintenance doses in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus be carried out with caution in order to avoid hypoglycemic reactions.
Patients with hepatic or renal insufficiency
In patients with hepatic or renal insufficiency, the need for insulin may decrease.
Introduction of Insuman® Comb 25 GT
Insuman® Comb 25GT is usually injected deeply subcutaneously 30-45 minutes before meals. Place the injection within one area of the injection each time you need to change. Change in the area of insulin administration (for example, from the abdomen to the thigh area) should only be done after consultation with the doctor, since the absorption of insulin and, accordingly, the effect of reducing blood glucose concentration may vary depending on the area of administration (eg, abdominal region or thigh area) .
Insuman® Comb 25 GT is not used in various kinds of insulin pumps (including implanted ones).
Intravenous administration of the drug is absolutely impossible!
Do not mix Insuman® Comb 25 GT with animal insulin, insulin analogs, insulin intended for insulin pumps or other medications.
Insuman® Comb 25 HT can be mixed with all human preparations insulin company Sanofi-aventis groups, but remember that the contents of 10 ml bottles at a concentration of 40 IU / ml can not be mixed with insulin with a concentration of 100 IU / ml, and the contents of 5 ml bottles or cartridges can not be mixed with 40 IU / ml insulin .
It should be remembered that the concentration of insulin in bottles of 10 ml is 40 IU / ml, and in bottles of 5 ml or cartridges 3 ml - 100 IU / ml, therefore it is necessary to use only plastic syringes, calculated for the appropriate concentration of insulin in case of using vials (for vials 10 ml - syringes calculated for a concentration of 40 IU / ml, in the case of using 5 ml vials with syringes calculated for a concentration of 100 IU / ml),or with OptiPen Pro1 syringes when using cartridges; Cartridges Insuman® Comb 25 Gt should only be used with an Optipen Pro 1 syringe pen and should not be used with other reusable syringes, since the accuracy of insulin dosing was only established with an Optipen Pro1 syringe pen.
A plastic syringe should not contain any other drug or its residual quantities.
Before the first set of insulin from the vial, it is necessary to remove the plastic cap (the presence of a cap is evidence of an unopened vial). Immediately before the set, the suspension should be well mixed, without the formation of foam. This is best done by turning the bottle, holding it at an acute angle between the palms. After mixing, the slurry should have a uniform consistency and a milky white color. The suspension can not be used if it has any other form, i.e. if it remains clear or flakes or lumps in the liquid itself, on the bottom or walls of the vial. In such cases, you should use a different vial that meets the above conditions, and also inform the doctor.
Before dialing insulin from the vial, a volume of air equal to the prescribed dose of insulin is sucked into the syringe and injected into the vial (not into the liquid). Then the vial with the syringe is turned with a syringe down and the necessary amount of insulin is collected. Before injection, it is necessary to remove air bubbles from the syringe.
At the injection site, take a skin fold, inject the needle under the skin, and slowly inject insulin. After injection, the needle is slowly removed and the injection site is pressed with a cotton swab for a few seconds.
The date of the first set of insulin from the vial should be written on the label of the vial.
After opening, the vials can be stored at a temperature of no higher than + 25 ° C for 4 weeks in a place protected from light and heat.
Before installing the cartridge (100 IU / ml) into the Optipen Pro1 syringe pen, let it stand for 1-2 hours at room temperature. After this, softly turning the cartridge (up to 10 times), obtain a homogeneous suspension. Each cartridge additionally has three metal balls for faster mixing of its contents. After installing the cartridge in the syringe pen, before each injection of insulin several times turn the syringe handle to obtain a homogeneous suspension.After mixing, the slurry should have a uniform consistency and a milky white color. The suspension can not be used if it has any other form, i.e. if it remains clear or flakes or lumps form in the liquid itself, on the bottom or walls of the cartridge. In such cases, you should use a different cartridge that meets the above conditions, and also inform the doctor.
Remove any air bubbles from the cartridge before injection (see the OptiPro Pro1 syringe instructions manual).
The cartridge is not designed to mix Insuman® Comb 25 GT with other insulins.
Empty cartridges can not be refilled.
In the event that the syringe pen has failed, you can enter the required dose from the cartridge using a conventional syringe. It should be remembered that the concentration of insulin in the cartridge is 100 IU / ml, so it is necessary to use only plastic syringes, calculated for this concentration of insulin. The syringe should not contain any other drug or its residual quantities.
After installing the cartridge, it can be used for 4 weeks.It is recommended to store at a temperature not higher than + 25 ° C in a place protected from light and heat. In the process of using the cartridge syringe pen do not store in the refrigerator.
After installing a new cartridge, check that the syringe pen is operating correctly before the first dose is injected (see the instructions for using the Optipen Pro1 syringe pen).