Medksenone (Medxenon)

Composition Pharmacodynamics Indications Carefully Contraindications Dosing and Administration Side effects Form release / dosage
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Active substanceXenonXenon
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    gas d / inhal. 
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  • Medksenone
    gas d / inhal. 
    ATOM-MED CENTER, CJSC    
    • Dosage form: & nbsp

    compressed gas

    Composition:

    Xenon (99.999%).

    Description:

    The inert, colorless gas is odorless, does not ignite and does not support combustion.

    Pharmacotherapeutic group:Means for inhalation of general anesthesia
    ATX: & nbsp

    N.01.A.X.15   Xenon

    Pharmacodynamics:

    Xenon is an inert gas and is used for inhalation anesthesia with various surgical procedures and painful manipulations. Xenon in a ratio with oxygen (60:40, 70:30, 80:20) has a strong analgesic and anesthetic effect. Two minutes after the xenon inhalation, the stage of peripheral paresthesia and hypoalgesia, the third minute - the euphoria and psychomotor activity stage, in the fourth minute - the partial amnesia and analgesia stage, at the fifth minute the anesthesia stage corresponding to the first level of the surgical stage of ethereal anesthesia Gidel).

    The miorelaxing, analgesic and anesthetic properties of xenon are more pronounced than in nitrous oxide, which allows for small operations in the version of mask mononarcosis with the preservation of spontaneous breathing of the patient.The parameters of hemodynamics and gas exchange during anesthesia are stable.

    Getting out of anesthesia is fast. After 4-5 minutes after switching off the gas, the patient regains consciousness with full orientation in the environment.

    Pharmacokinetics:The narcological, analgesic, myorelaxing and other effects of xenon are directly proportional to its partial pressure in the blood. When inhaled xenon it is easily distributed in the lungs, diffuses rapidly into the blood and, due to its low solubility coefficient, its alveolar and arterial concentration quickly equalized. The minimum alveolar concentration of xenon is 71%, whereas in nitrous oxide it is 105%.

    After the filing is stopped xenon It is quickly eliminated from the body through the lungs in an unchanged form. After 4-5 minutes xenon Eliminated from the body through the lungs almost completely. After 2 minutes, the residual alveolar concentration of xenon is 5%, after 5 minutes it decreases to 2%. In the next 4 hours there is a gradual washing out of xenon from the liquid media of the body and the respiratory circuit, which may explain a somewhat prolonged period of postoperative analgesia after xenon anesthesia.

    Indications:

    Xenon is used as a gaseous anesthetic for the anesthesia of surgical operations, painful manipulation, removal of pain syndromes and painful attacks.

    Contraindications:

    Hypersensitivity, operations on the lungs, trachea and bronchial tubes associated with pneumothorax, in which there is a need to use hyperoxic mixtures, operations and manipulations performed in the conditions of an unpressurized breathing circuit (in dentistry, reconstructive operations on the trachea and bronchi), children's age (up to 18 years).

    Carefully:Diseases of the nervous system; chronic alcoholism (possibly the emergence of excitement and hallucinations).
    Pregnancy and lactation:

    There are reports of pregnancy use. It should refrain from breastfeeding during lactation with the drug.

    Dosing and Administration:

    Xenon is introduced into the body only by inhalation in the form of xenon-oxygen mixtures in which the concentration of xenon should not be higher than 80%, and oxygen less than 20% (80:20, 70: 30,60: 40, 50: 50,40: 60 , 30: 70.20: 80).

    The use of xenon as a means of anesthesia is possible only by a specialist - resuscitator with the presence of appropriate anesthesia-respiratory and controldiagnostic equipment.To carry out anesthesia, the xenon-oxygen mixture is formed in anesthesia breathing apparatus, adapted to xenon and having a xenon anesthesia attachment "CPN-01".

    The respiratory gas mixture is formed in the anesthesia apparatus of any domestic design, in which the rotameter is pre-calibrated by nitrous oxide xenon. Depending on the nature of the operation or manipulation, a preset concentration of xenon and oxygen is established under the control of rotameters and an oxygen analyzer installed on the inspiratory and exhalation channels.

    Used for mask mononarcosis and combined endotracheal anesthesia in combination with various sedatives, neuroleptics, muscle relaxants and local anesthetics.

    With mask mononarhosis, while preserving spontaneous breathing, the optimal variant of premedication is the use of tranquilizers. The use of narcological analgesics is less advisable because of possible respiratory depression.

    In the mask version of xenon anesthesia, it is necessary to achieve complete tightness in the system of the respiratory circuit, and when the surgical stage is reached, a laryngeal mask should be used.In the endotracheal version of xenon anesthesia, anesthesia is administered as usual, using barbiturates or other intravenous anesthetics (ketamine + seduxen, diprivan, bristal), after which the muscle relaxant is injected and intubation is performed.

    After the transfer to the artificial ventilation of the lungs, a 5-minute denitrogenation with 100% oxygen at a gas flow of 10 liters per minute and a modulation rate of 8-10 liters / min is performed on a semi-open circuit.

    After denitrogenation, a gas mixture of xenon and oxygen is set up under the control of the gas analyzer and rotameters.

    At the end of the anesthesia, the supply of xenon is turned off and the patient's lungs are ventilated for 4-5 minutes with an oxygen-air mixture for reliable elimination of xenon, using the auxiliary ventilation. Extubation is performed when the first signs of consciousness appear, provided that the spontaneous respiration is fully restored.
    Side effects:

    Xenon does not irritate the respiratory tract, however, sometimes there is a feeling of dryness, hoarseness of voice and metallic taste in the mouth.

    People who have a predilection for alcohol, have a more pronounced psychomotor activity in the initial period of xenon anesthesia.With an increase in the concentration of xenon or after the administration of sedatives (seduxen, midazolam), psychomotor activity quickly disappears.

    Xenon has the ability to diffuse in tissues and fill closed cavities (with pneumothorax, bowel swelling, air embolism) according to the law of the difference in partial pressures. This feature of xenon should be considered by an anesthesiologist.

    In connection with the rapid elimination of xenon from the body after the anesthesia, it quickly fills the alveolar space and creates the phenomenon of "diffuse hypoxia." To prevent this phenomenon, it is necessary to use auxiliary ventilation for 4-5 minutes after switching off the xenon.

    Overdose:

    The maximum admissible concentration of xenon in the gas-narcotic mixture with oxygen is 80%. Any increase in the concentration of xenon above this value at normal atmospheric pressure will be accompanied by hypoxia, which is unacceptable. Measures in the event of this complication - oxygen therapy, artificial ventilation and treatment of the effects of hypoxia.

    Interaction:It is combined with any drugs used in anesthetic practice: vaporous anesthetics, narcotic analgesics, tranquilizers, antihistamines, etc.
    Special instructions:

    The work of medical personnel should be carried out in a well ventilated area. The maximum allowable concentration of xenon is 300 mg / cc. m.

    Form release / dosage:Compressed gas.
    Packaging:

    In solid steel cylinders with the capacity of 1,1,3,2,3,4,5 l with KV-1M or KVB-53 valves, designed for a pressure of not less than 14.7 MPa (150 kg / cm2).

    Xenon is in cylinders under a pressure of 50 atm.

    Each cylinder is accompanied by instructions for use.

    Storage conditions:

    In special storage facilities in accordance with GOST 26460-85 and the Rules for the Arrangement and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels, storage of filled cylinders at a temperature of 50 ° C is not allowed. In a place inaccessible to children.

    Shelf life:5 years. Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package.
    Terms of leave from pharmacies:For hospitals
    Registration number:LSR-001833/07
    Date of registration:01.08.2007
    Expiration Date:Unlimited
    The owner of the registration certificate:ATOM-MED CENTER, CJSCATOM-MED CENTER, CJSC
    Manufacturer: & nbsp
    Information update date: & nbsp14.04.2018
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