Included in the formulation
АТХ:A.11.C.C Vitamin D and its derivatives
A.11.C.C.01 Ergocalciferol
Pharmacodynamics:Replenishes vitamin D deficiency, regulates calcium-phosphorus metabolism. In the body it forms active metabolites of vitamin D (in particular calcitriol), easily penetrating through cell membranes and binding in the cells of target organs with special receptors; it initiates protein synthesis (protein, calcium binding, collagen, alkaline phosphatase and others) and facilitates the passage of calcium through the wall of the intestine into the blood with subsequent transport to tissues.
Under the influence of calcitriol, the development of cartilaginous cells in the growth zones normalizes in the bones, the synthesis of the protein stroma, the capture of calcium from the blood plasma and its deposition in the form of phosphates are normalized, the necessary conditions for the reabsorption of calcium, sodium, phosphates, amino acids, citrates in the proximal tubules, while maintaining a normal level of calcium in the plasma and creating an obstacle to the excessive activity of parathyroid hormone and its phosphaturactic effect.
Pharmacokinetics:When administered internally, it is resorbed in the distal part of the small intestine by 60-90%, (with hypovitaminosis - almost completely), absorption promotes bile, with a decrease in its intake into the intestine, the intensity and completeness of absorption sharply decrease. In lymph and blood plasma, vitamin circulates in the composition of chylomicrons and lipoproteins, penetrating into the liver, bones, skeletal muscles, kidneys, adrenals, myocardium, adipose tissue.
It is subjected to biotransformation, turning into active metabolites: in the liver - in calcidiol (transport form), in the kidneys - from calcidiol in calcitriol. Excreted with bile in the intestine, from which is partially reabsorbed; especially long vitamin D and its metabolites are stored in adipose tissue. Half-life is 19 days. Elimination through the intestine.
Indications:- Inside: prevention and treatment of rickets, osteomalacia, psoriasis; with tuberculosis of the skin and bones, for the healing of bone tissue after fractures.
- External: burns, dermatitis, childish diaper rash; for the prevention and treatment of nipple cracks, improving the healing of scratches and abrasions.
IV.E50-E64.E55.9 Vitamin D deficiency, unspecified
IV.E50-E64.E55 Insufficiency of vitamin D
XIII.M80-M85.M81.0 Postmenopausal osteoporosis
IV.E50-E64.E55.0 Rickets active
XIII.M80-M85.M84.0 Bad fracture fusion
XIII.M80-M85.M84.2 Slow fracture fusion
XIII.M86-M90.M90 * Osteopathy in diseases classified elsewhere
Contraindications:Active form of pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney and liver diseases, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, organic damage to the heart and vessels, individual intolerance.
Carefully:Patients of advanced age, with hypothyroidism.
Pregnancy and lactation:Recommendations for FDA - Category C. It is used in pregnancy and lactation.
Hypercalcemia in the mother (associated with a prolonged overdose of the vitamin D during pregnancy) can cause the fetus to increase the sensitivity to vitamin D, suppression of parathyroid function, syndrome of specific elf-like appearance, mental retardation, aortic stenosis.
Dosing and Administration:Use in children
Fractional 500-1000 ME during the first year of life, or 50 thousand ME once a week for 8 weeks, or according to the accelerated scheme 300-400 thousand ME for 10-12 days. Premature, twins and children who are on artificial feeding are prescribed from the 2nd week of life to 600 thousand ME per course. Pre-natal children are prescribed from the 3-week-old age for prevention to 300 thousand ME per course.
Treatment of rickets:
I degree - 10-15 thousand IU for 30-40 days, the course of treatment needed 500-600 thousand IU;
II degree - 600-800 thousand IU per course of treatment;
III degree - 800 thousand to 1 million IU per course of treatment.
Adults
Inside for 10-100 thousand IU per day, with tuberculosis lupus: 100 thousand IU per day. The course of treatment is up to 6 months.
The highest daily dose: 100 thousand IU.
The highest single dose: 100 thousand IU.
Side effects:Central and peripheral nervous system: headache, irritability.
The cardiovascular system: disturbances of a warm rhythm.
Digestive system: thirst, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, diarrhea.
Musculoskeletal system: arthralgia, ossalgia.
Allergic reactions.
Overdose:Symptoms chronic overdose: anorexia, pathological demineralization of bones, calcium deposition in blood vessels, heart, kidneys, intestines.
Symptoms acute overdose: fever, headache, arrhythmia, hypercalcemia, proteinuria, leukocyturia, cylindruria.
Treatment: symptomatic, effective dialysis.
Interaction:Strengthens the action of cardiac glycosides.
Simultaneous reception of barbiturates and anticonvulsants reduces the effect of ergocalciferol.
Retinol, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, thiamine, pantothenic acid, riboflavin weaken the toxic effect of ergocalciferol.
Special instructions:It should be borne in mind that the vitamin D2 possesses cumulative properties.
With prolonged use, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of calcium ions in blood plasma and urine.