Platifillin hydrotartrate (Platyphyllin hydrotartrate)

Composition Pharmacodynamics Indications Carefully Contraindications Dosing and Administration Side effects Form release / dosage
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Active substancePlatyphyllinePlatyphylline
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    • Dosage form: & nbsp

    Solution for subcutaneous administration.

    Composition:

    Active substance: platifillina hydrotartrate - 2 mg. Excipient: water for injection up to 1 ml.

    Description:

    Transparent colorless liquid.

    Pharmacotherapeutic group:M-holinoblokator.
    ATX: & nbsp

    A.03.A.A   Synthetic holinoblokatory - ethers with tertiary amino group

    Pharmacodynamics:

    M-holinoblokator, in comparison with atropine has less influence on peripheral m-holinoretseptory (on action on smooth muscle cells of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and circular muscle of the iris 5-10 times weaker than atropine). Blocking m-holinoretseptory, violates the transmission of nerve impulses from postganglionic cholinergic nerves to the innervated effector organs and tissues (heart, smooth muscle organs,glands of external secretion); suppresses also n-holinoretseptory (much weaker).

    Holin-blocking effect is more pronounced against a background of increased tone of the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system or the action of m-cholinostimulators. To a lesser extent than atropine, causes tachycardia, especially when used in large doses. Decreasing the effect of n.vagus, improves the conductance of the heart, increases the excitability of the myocardium, increases the minute volume of blood.

    It has a direct myotropic antispasmodic effect, causes the expansion of small vessels of the skin. In high doses, the vasomotor center depresses and blocks the sympathetic ganglia, as a result of which the vessels dilate and blood pressure decreases (mainly with intravenous administration).

    Weaker than atropine depresses the secretion of endocrine glands.

    Causes a marked decrease in the tone of smooth muscles; amplitude and frequency of peristaltic contractions of the stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine, moderate decrease in the tone of the gallbladder (in persons with hyperkinesia of bile ducts); at a hypokinesia - a tonus of a cholic bubble raises to the normal maintenance.

    It causes relaxation of the smooth muscles of the uterus, bladder and urinary tract, providing spasmolytic action, eliminates pain syndrome. Relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchi, caused by increased n.vagus tone or holinostimuljatorami, increases the minute volume of breathing, inhibits the secretion of the bronchial glands; reduces the tone of sphincters.

    When instilled into the conjunctival sac of the eye and parenteral introduction, the pupil dilates (due to relaxation of the circular muscle of the iris, the intraocular pressure increases and the accommodation paralysis occurs (relaxation of the ciliary muscle of the ciliary body) .In comparison with atropine, the effect on accommodation is less and shorter.

    Excites the brain and respiratory center, more - the spinal cord (in high doses, cramps, depression of the central nervous system (CNS), vasomotor and respiratory centers) are possible. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier.

    Pharmacokinetics:

    Easily passes through the histohematological barriers (including blood-brain barrier), cellular and synaptic membranes.When large doses are administered, it accumulates in significant concentrations in the central nervous system. Metabolised in the liver. It is subjected to hydrolysis with the formation of platinetsin and platinetic acid. It is excreted by the kidneys and intestines. Do not cumulate.

    Indications:

    Stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer (as part of combination therapy), pyloripasms, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, intestinal, renal and biliary colic.

    Contraindications:

    Increased individual sensitivity, pregnancy, lactation.

    Carefully:

    Diseases of the cardiovascular system, in which an increase in the heart rate (heart rate) may be undesirable: atrial fibrillation, tachycardia, chronic heart failure, coronary heart disease, mitral stenosis, hypertension, acute bleeding.

    Hyperthyroidism (possibly strengthening tachycardia).

    Increased body temperature (may still increase due to suppression of sebaceous glands activity).

    Reflux esophagitis, hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm, combined with reflux esophagitis (decreased motility,esophagus and stomach and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter may contribute to a slowdown in gastric emptying and increased gastroesophageal reflux through a sphincter with impaired function). Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by obstruction: achalasia and stenosis of the pylorus (there may be a decrease in motor and tone, leading to obstruction and delay in stomach contents).

    Atony of the intestine in elderly patients or weakened patients (possible the development of obstruction), paralytic intestinal obstruction.

    Diseases with increased intraocular pressure: angle-closure glaucoma (mydriatic effect, which leads to an increase in intraocular pressure, can cause acute attack), open-angle glaucoma (mydriatic effect may cause a slight increase in intraocular pressure, you may need correction of therapy), age over 40 years (manifestations of danger undiagnosed glaucoma).

    Ulcerative colitis (high doses may suppress intestinal motility, increasing the likelihood of paralytic ileus, in addition, may be a manifestation or exacerbation of complications such as toxic megacolon).

    Dryness of the oral mucosa (long-term use may cause further intensification of xerostomia).

    Hepatic insufficiency (decreased metabolism) and renal insufficiency (the risk of side effects, due to reduced excretion).

    Chronic lung diseases, especially in young children and weakened patients (a decrease in bronchial secretion can lead to a thickening of the secret and the formation of congestion in the bronchi).

    Myasthenia gravis (condition may worsen due to inhibition of acetylcholine).

    Autonomic neuropathy (urinary retention and paralysis of accommodation may be aggravated), prostatic hyperplasia without urinary tract obstruction, urinary retention or predisposition to it, or diseases accompanied by obstruction of the urinary tract (including the bladder neck due to prostatic hyperplasia ).

    Gestosis (hypertension is possible).

    Damage to the brain in children (effects from the central nervous system may be strengthened).

    Down's disease (possibly unusual: dilated pupils and increased heart rate).

    Central paralysis in children (reaction to, holinoblokatory can be most pronounced).

    Pregnancy and lactation:

    Application during pregnancy is contraindicated. If you need to use the drug during lactation at the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

    Dosing and Administration:

    Subcutaneously adults and - children older than 14 years for. relief of spasmodic pains - 1-2 ml of 0.2% solution 1-2 times a day.

    Children: newborns and infants - 0.035 mg / kg (0.0175 ml / kg), 1-5 years - 0.03 mg / kg (0.015 ml / kg), 6-10 years - 6.025 mg / kg (0.0125) ml / kg), 11-14 years - 0.02 mg / kg (0.01 ml / kg).

    Side effects:

    Dryness of the oral mucosa, thirst, lowering of blood pressure, tachycardia, mydriasis, accommodation paralysis, intestinal atony, dizziness, headache, photophobia, seizure, urinary retention; acute psychosis (in high doses), atelectasis of the lung.

    Overdose:

    Symptoms: paralytic intestinal obstruction, acute urinary retention (in patients with prostate adenoma), paralysis of accommodation, increased intraocular pressure; dryness of the oral mucosa, nose, throat, difficulty swallowing, speech, mydriasis (until the iris completely disappears), tremor, convulsions, hyperthermia, agitation, suppression of the central nervous system,inhibition of the activity of the respiratory and vasomotor centers.

    Treatment: forced diuresis; parenteral administration of m-cholinomimetics and cholinesterase inhibitors. At a hyperthermia - wet wipes, antipyretic agents, at excitation - intravenous introduction tiopentala sodium; with mydriasis - topically, in the form of eye drops pilocarpine. In case of an attack of glaucoma immediately 1% solution of pilocarpine is injected into the conjunctival bag every 2 drops and subcutaneously - 1 ml of 0.05% solution of Prozerin (neostigmine methyl sulfate) 3-4 times a day.

    Interaction:

    Strengthens the sedative and hypnotic effect of phenobarbital, pentobarbital, magnesium sulfate.

    Other m-holinoblokatory, amantadine, haloperidol, phenothiazine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, some antihistamines increase the risk of side effects.

    Antagonism with cholinesterase inhibitors.

    Morphine increases the inhibitory effect on the cardiovascular system, monoamine oxidase inhibitors - positive chrono- and batmotropic effects; cardiac glycosides - a positive Batmotrope action; quinidine, procainamide - m-cholinoblocking action.

    With pain associated with spasms of smooth muscles, the action is strengthened by analgesics, sedatives, tranquilizers; with vascular spasms - hypotensive and sedatives.

    Special instructions:

    During treatment, it is necessary to regularly monitor blood pressure and pulse.

    During the treatment should be avoided, alcoholic beverages.

    Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

    It is necessary to refrain from driving vehicles and practicing other potentially dangerous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

    Form release / dosage:

    Solution for subcutaneous administration 2 mg / ml.

    Packaging:

    1 ml per ampoule of neutral glass.

    For 10 ampoules with instruction for use and a knife for opening ampoules or a scarifier ampullum is placed in a box of cardboard.

    5 or 10 ampoules are placed in a contoured cell pack of a polyvinylchloride film or polyethylene terephthalate tape and aluminum foil or paper with a polyethylene coating or without a foil, or without paper.

    For 1 or 2 contour squares with instructions for use and a knife, for opening ampoules or a scarifier ampullum is placed in a pack of cardboard.

    When you pack the ampoules with a break ring or break point, the ampoule opener or ampoule scapper is not put in.

    Storage conditions:

    In the dark place.

    Keep out of the reach of children.

    Shelf life:

    5 years. Do not use after the expiration date.

    Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription
    Registration number:P N001965 / 01-2002
    Date of registration:21.09.2011
    The owner of the registration certificate:NOVOSIBHIMFARM, OJSC NOVOSIBHIMFARM, OJSC Russia
    Manufacturer: & nbsp
    Information update date: & nbsp10.08.2015
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