In most patients, adverse events were transient, treatment with Spiceil® was discontinued due to adverse reactions in 12% of patients with a newly diagnosed chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, as well as 15% of patients in the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia with resistance to imatinib or its intolerance, 16% in the phase of acceleration of chronic myelogenous leukemia, 15% in the phase of myeloid blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia, as well as in 8% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with positive Philadelphia chromosome. The frequency of side effects is shown in accordance with the scale: very often (> 1/10), often (> 1/100, <1/10), infrequently (> 1/1000, <1/100), rarely (> 1 / 10000, <1/1000).
Infections and infestations:
Often: infection (including bacterial, viral, fungal).
Often: pneumonia (including bacterial, viral and fungal), upper respiratory tract infections, herpetic infections, enterocolitis, sepsis (including infrequently with fatal outcome).
From the hematopoietic system:
Often: febrile neutropenia, pancytopenia.
Rarely: erythroblastopenia.
From the immune system:
Infrequently: hypersensitivity reactions (including erythema nodosum).
Metabolic disorders:
Often: anorexia, anorexia, hyperuricemia.
Infrequently: hypoalbuminemia.
From the nervous system:
Often: headache.
Often: insomnia, depression, neuropathy (including peripheral neuropathy), dizziness, perversion of taste, drowsiness.
Infrequently: anxiety, emotional lability, psychosis, decreased libido, hemorrhages (such as intracerebral hematoma, intracerebral haemorrhage, epidural hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, subdural hemorrhage), tremor, fainting, amnesia.
Rarely: convulsions, cerebrovascular accident (stroke), transient ischemic attack, inflammation of the optic nerve, paralysis of the VII pair of cranial nerves (facial nerve).
From the side of the organ of vision:
Often: visual disorders (blurred vision, blurred vision, decreased visual acuity), dry eyes, bleeding in the sclera of the eye,conjunctival hemorrhages.
Infrequently: conjunctivitis.
Rarely: visual impairment.
From the side of the organ of hearing and balance:
Often: noise in ears.
Infrequently: Vertigo.
From the cardiovascular system:
Often: bleeding (such as nasal bleeding, bleeding gums, bruises, petechia, purpura).
Often: "tidal", increased blood pressure, pericardial effusion, arrhythmia (including tachycardia), cardiac dysfunction (including ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, congestive cardiomyopathy, diastolic dysfunction, ejection fraction reduction, ventricular failure), heart palpitations .
Infrequently: interval lengthening Q-T on ECG, angina pectoris, cardiomegaly, lowering of arterial pressure, thrombophlebitis, pericarditis, ventricular arrhythmia (including ventricular tachycardia), myocardial infarction (including fatal outcome).
Rarely: "pulmonary heart," myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, "marbling of the skin."
From the respiratory system:
Often: pleural effusion, shortness of breath, cough.
Often: pulmonary infiltrates, pulmonary edema, pneumonitis, pulmonary hypertension.
Infrequently: bronchial asthma, bronchospasm.
Rarely: acute respiratory distress syndrome.
From the digestive system:
Often: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
Often: inflammation of the mucous membranes (including mucositis / stomatitis), gastrointestinal bleeding, dyspepsia, bloating, constipation, gastritis, soft tissue damage to the oral cavity (including dry mouth, cheilitis, vesicular rash on the lips, dry lips, ulcers on the lips, erosion mucous membrane of the oral cavity), colitis (including neutropenic colitis).
Infrequently: dysphagia, ascites, anal fissures, ulceration of the upper gastrointestinal tract, pancreatitis, esophagitis.
Rarely: gastrointestinal enteropathy with loss of protein, intestinal obstruction.
From the liver and bile ducts:
Infrequently: cholestasis, cholecystitis, hepatitis.
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue:
Often: skin rash.
Often: itching, acne, alopecia, dry skin, hyperhidrosis, urticaria, dermatitis (including eczema).
Infrequently: skin ulcers, bullous dermatosis, disorders of pigmentation, nail lesions,photosensitization, acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, panniculitis, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome.
From the side of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue:
Often: musculoskeletal pain.
Often: arthralgia, muscle weakness, myalgia, musculoskeletal stiffness, muscle spasms.
Infrequently: an increase in the activity of creatine phosphokinase in the blood, rhabdomyolysis of myositis, tendonitis.
From the urinary system:
Infrequently: renal failure, frequent urination, proteinuria, hematuria.
On the part of the reproductive system:
Infrequently: gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, vaginal bleeding, uterine bleeding.
Other:
Often: fluid retention, localized swelling of subcutaneous tissue of various locations, edema of the tongue, edema of the lips, edema of the conjunctiva, increased fatigue, increased body temperature.
Often: generalized edema, asthenia, pain, chest pain, chills, decreased or increased body weight, confusion
Infrequently: malaise, intolerance of high and low temperatures, tumor lysis syndrome.
In addition, when using the drug, information is received on the following phenomena, the frequency of which is not established, and their relationship with the use of the drug is not proved:
From the cardiovascular system:
Atrial fibrillation / atrial flutter; thrombosis / embolism (including pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis).
From the respiratory system:
interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary arterial hypertension.
From the digestive system:
gastrointestinal bleeding with fatal outcome.
Changes in laboratory indicators:
- Thrombocytopenia, anemia and neutropenia of grade 3 or 4, especially in patients with advanced phases of chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a positive Philadelphia chromosome;
- Hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia,
- Increased activity of hepatic transaminases (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (ACT)),
- Increased serum bilirubin and / or serum creatinine concentrations.
The most common side effects with the use of the Spricel® preparation in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myelogenous leukemia in the chronic phase are the delayfluids and diarrhea; in patients with imatinib resistance or intolerance, fluid retention and diarrhea, headache, dyspnea, rash, fatigue, nausea, haemorrhages (such as gastrointestinal bleeding and others).