Active substanceCefoperazone + SulbactamCefoperazone + Sulbactam
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  • Dosage form: & nbspPowder for the preparation of solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection.
    Composition:

    active substance:

    sodium cefoperazone

    (in terms of cefoperazone) 250 mg; 500 mg; 1.0 g

    Sulbactam sodium

    (in terms of sulbactam) 250 mg; 500 mg; 1.0 g

    or sodium cefoperazone +

    sulbactam sodium (in terms of

    on cefoperazone and sulbactam) 250mg + 250mg; 500mg + 500mg; 1.0g + 1.0g

    Description:
    The powder is white or white with a yellowish hue.

    Pharmacotherapeutic group:Antibiotic - cephalosporin + beta-lactamase inhibitor
    ATX: & nbsp

    J.01.D.D.62   Cefoperazone in combination with other drugs

    Pharmacodynamics:

    The antibacterial component of Sulpercef® is cefoperazone - Third generation cephalosporin, whose bactericidal action is associated with the inactivation of transpeptidase enzymes involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan, the main structural component of the bacterial cell wall. Violation of the synthesis of peptidoglycan leads to the death of microorganisms.

    Sulbactam sodium is a derivative of the main nucleus of penicillin. Sulbactam does not have clinically significant antibacterial activity (except for Neisseriaceae, Acinetobacter spp.), but is an irreversible inhibitor of most of the major bacterial beta-lactam as (including plasmid beta-lactamases),destroying penicillins and cephalosporins and determining the resistance of microorganisms to beta-lactam antibiotics, and also binds to some penicillin-binding proteins. Therefore, the combination of sulbactam with cefoperazone has a more pronounced bactericidal effect on cefoperazone-sensitive strains and acts synergistically against various microorganisms, primarily beta-lactamase producers: Staphylococcus spp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter diversus, Bacteroides spp. SULPERACEF® is active in vitro in a relationship: Gram-positive aerobes - Staphylococcus aureus (producing and not producing penicillinase strains), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, many strains Enterococcus faecal is.

    Gram-negative aerobes - Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Bordetella pertussis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., in t.ch. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., in t.ch. Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter spp., including Citrobacter freundii and Citrobacter diversus, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, Providencia spp., Serratia spp. (including Serratia marcescens), Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some others Pseudomonas spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Yersinia enterocolitica.

    Anaerobic microorganisms - Bacteroides fragilis, others Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Eubacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. and Veillonella spp.

    Pharmacokinetics:
    Five minutes after intravenous (iv) administration of 2 g of sulbactam / cefoperazone (1 g of sulbactam,1 g of cefoperazone) in the blood serum the maximum concentrations of sulbactam and cefoperazone are achieved, averaging 130.2 and 236.8 μg / ml, respectively. Both components of the drug are well distributed in various tissues and body fluids, including skin and soft tissues, peritoneum, bile, gallbladder wall, skin, appendix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, myometrium, etc. The sulbactam is characterized by a higher volume of distribution (Vd = l8.0-27.6 L) compared with that for cefoperazone (Vd = 10.2-11.3 L). Data on the presence of any pharmacokinetic interaction between sulbactam and cefoperazone, appointed together, no. With the administration of the drug every 8-12 h, no significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of both components of cefoperazone / sulbactam were observed; the cumulation effect was not observed.
    Sulbactam is excreted mainly by the kidneys - approximately 84% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine for the first 8 hours.
    Cefoperazone is excreted mainly through the intestine (about 80%). The maximum concentrations of cefoperazone in bile are reached between the first and third hours after administration and are more than 100 times higher than serum.The rest of cefoperazone is excreted by the kidneys (20-30% of the administered dose).
    The half-life period (T1 / 2) of sulbactam in adults with normal liver and kidney function averages about 1 hour, and cefoperazone is 1.7-2 hours. In patients with liver disease and / or biliary tract obstruction, the half-life of cefoperazone is usually longer ; while excretion of the drug by the kidneys increases. Even with severe violations of the liver in bile, the therapeutic concentration of cefoperazone is reached, and the elimination half-life is only 2-4 times. There were no significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone in patients with renal insufficiency. A significant elongation of S1 / 2 sulbactam (from 6.9 to 9.7 hours) was found in patients with severe and terminal renal insufficiency. Hemodialysis caused significant changes in T1 / 2, the overall clearance and the volume of distribution of sulbactam.
    Both components of the drug in small concentrations are excreted in breast milk.
    In elderly people with concomitant age-related impairments of kidney and liver functions, an increase in T1 / 2, a decrease in clearance and an increase in the volume of distribution of both sulbactam and cefoperazone were detected.The pharmacokinetics of sulbactam / cefoperazone in children is not significantly different from that of adults. T1 / 2 of sulbactam is from 0.91 to 1.42 h, of cefoperazone is from 1.44 to 1.88 h.
    Indications:
    Treatment of infections caused by sensitive microorganisms:

    - infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, including sinusitis, pneumonia, pleural empyema, lung abscess;
    - bacterial meningitis;
    - uncomplicated and complicated infections of the abdominal organs, including cholecystitis, cholangitis, peritonitis, abscess of the abdominal cavity;
    - infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (endometritis, salpingoophoritis, pelvioperitonitis);
    - urinary tract infections (pyelitis, pyelonephritis);
    - skin and soft tissue infections caused by mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora;
    - septicemia;
    - infections of bones and joints;
    - Gonorrhea.
    Contraindications:Hypersensitivity to sulbactam, cefoperazone, other cephalosporins, penicillins.
    Carefully:In patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency.
    Pregnancy and lactation:The use of Sulpercef® in pregnant women and during breastfeeding is possible in cases where the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus or child and should be monitored by a specialist.
    Dosing and Administration:Intravenous and intramuscular. For the treatment of severe infections, the IV route is preferred.

    Adults and children over 12 years of age: for 1-2 g of Sulperacef® (respectively, 0.5-1 g of cefoperazone and 0.5-1 g of sulbactam) every 12 hours. In severe, life-threatening infections - 4 g (2 g of cefoperazone and 2 g of sulbactam) iv every 12 hours.

    The maximum daily dose of sulbactam should not exceed 4 g. Patients receiving the drug in a 1: 1 ratio may require additional administration of cefoperazone.

    In patients with severe renal insufficiency dose adjustment is required. When creatinine is cleared, 15-30 ml / min Sulperacef® is administered 1 g every 12. h .; when creatinine clearance is less than 15 ml / min - 0.5 g every 12 hours. In severe infections, additional administration of cefoperazone may be required. In patients on hemodialysis, Sulperacef® is administered immediately after the end of the dialysis session.

    Dose change when liver function is impaired may be required only in cases of severe obstruction of the biliary tract and severe liver disease, as well as in patients with a combination of hepatic and renal insufficiency.In these cases it is recommended to monitor the serum concentration of cefoperazone and correct its dose if necessary. If regular monitoring of serum concentration of cefoperazone is impossible, then its daily dose should not exceed 2 g.

    Have children from 1 month to 12 years the daily dose of Sulperfatef® is 40-80 mg / kg, which is divided into 2-4 injections at intervals of 6-12 hours. For the treatment of severe infections, the dose is increased to 160 mg / kg per day.

    Have newborns the maximum daily dose of sulbactam should not exceed 80 mg / kg / day; During the first week of life, the drug should be injected every 12 hours. Rules for the preparation of solutions

    To prepare a solution for intravenous administration, 0.5 and 1 g of Sulpercef® are dissolved in 10 ml, and 2 g in 20 ml of water for injection or 0.9% of sodium chloride solution. Enter iv slowly, for 3-5 min; it is possible to administer through the injection unit (into the "eraser") a system for intravenous infusions with transfusion of compatible solutions.

    Day of / in drip infusion 0.5 and 1 g of Sulperfatef® are dissolved in 10-20 ml of sterile water for injection or 0.9% solution of sodium chloride; after complete dissolution, the resulting solution is added to 50-100 ml of a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride or a 5% solution of dextrose; injected intravenously drip,using a system for intravenous infusion.

    For the / m introduction, a 2% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride (in the absence of allergies to local anesthetics!), But it can not be used for the primary dilution of the powder. Therefore, the solution is prepared in two stages. For primary dilution, use sterile water for injection in the volumes indicated below:

    0.5 g of Sulperfatsef® 1.5 ml

    1.0 g of Sulperfatsef® 2.4 ml

    2.0 g of Sulperfatsef® 4.7 ml

    Then, the resulting solution is diluted with a 2% solution of lidocaine, adding 0.5 ml, 1 ml and 2 ml of a local anesthetic to a dilution solution containing 0.5 g, 1 g or 2 g of Sulpercef®, respectively, in order to obtain an antibiotic solution in 0.5% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride. Enter deeply intramuscularly into areas of the body with a pronounced muscular layer (for example, the upper-outer quadrant of the buttock).

    Side effects:

    From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis.

    On the part of the blood system: leukopenia, neutropenia, decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, false positive Coombs test.

    Laboratory indicators-. transient increase in activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, increased serum bilirubin.

    Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin hyperemia, itching, angioedema, anaphylactic shock, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

    Local reactions: with the / m introduction - soreness in the injection site; when / in - phlebitis.

    Other: headache, fever, chills.

    Overdose:
    Symptoms: it is possible to expect manifestations of undesirable effects registered with the use of the drug (nausea, vomiting, fever); a high concentration of beta-lactam antibiotics in the cerebrospinal fluid can lead to neurologic disorders, including convulsions.
    Treatment: symptomatic and supportive therapy. In severe cases, hemodialysis, especially in the case of an overdose in patients with impaired renal function.
    Interaction:Similarly, disulfiram causes intolerance to ethanol. When taking alcohol during treatment with Sulpercef®, reactions are possible that are characterized by "hot flashes", sweating, headache and tachycardia.Therefore, you should refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages during and up to 5 days after the end of treatment with the drug. Patients who need artificial feeding (inside or parenteral) should avoid using solutions containing ethanol.
    With simultaneous use with aminoglycosides, synergism of bactericidal action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is observed.
    Pharmaceutically incompatible with blood products and protein hydrolysates, aminoglycosides. If combined therapy with Sulperacef® and aminoglycosides is carried out, they should not be mixed in a single syringe or one infusion medium; with the / m introduction to enter into different parts of the body; when administered intravenously, separately, observing a specific sequence with as long as possible a time interval between injections (infusions), or use separate intravenous catheters.
    Use lactated Ringer's solution for the initial dissolution of the powder should not, given their incompatibility. However, compatibility can be achieved by two-stage solution preparation-initially the powder of Sulpercef® is dissolved inwater for injection (2 g of the drug is dissolved in about 7 ml of water for injection to obtain a solution containing sulbactam at a concentration of 125 mg / ml) and then diluted with a lactated Ringer's solution to a 5 mg / ml sulbactam concentration.
    Special instructions:
    Sulperacef® is used as the sole antibiotic (monotherapy) for the treatment of mixed aerobic-anaerobic infections of a variety of localizations, including those caused by strains of bacteria resistant to penicillins, other cephalosporins, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.
    With severe obstruction of the biliary tract, severe liver disease, as well as violations of kidney function, combined with any of these conditions, you may need to adjust the dosage regimen. In the treatment of cefoperazone (as with other antibiotics), vitamin K deficiency is rare in rare cases, apparently due to the suppression of normal intestinal microflora, which synthesizes this vitamin. The risk group can include patients receiving malnutrition, malabsorption (for example, in cystic fibrosis) and long-term in / in artificial feeding. These patients should becontrol prothrombin time; If necessary, prescribe vitamin K. Similar control should be performed in patients who receive anticoagulant therapy. With prolonged therapy, it is necessary to monitor the parameters of kidney function, liver and hematopoietic system.
    In patients with impaired liver function and concomitant disorders of kidney function, monitoring of serum concentration of cefoperazone and correction of its dose should be necessary.
    During therapy, false-positive results of glucose determination in urine can be observed when using Benedict's solutions or
    Fellinga, false-positive reaction of Coombs.
    Form release / dosage:Powder for solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 250 mg + 250 mg; 500 mg + 500 mg; 1000 mg + 1000 mg.
    Packaging:250 mg + 250 mg; 500 mg + 500 mg; 1000 mg + 1000 mg active substances in glass bottles with a capacity of 10 ml and 20 ml, hermetically sealed with rubber stoppers, crimped with aluminum caps or crimped caps combined (aluminum with safety
    plastic covers).

    The solvent - "Water for injection" in glass ampoules of 5 ml.

    1. 1 bottle with the drug and instructions for use are placed in a pack of cardboard.
    2. 1 bottle with the drug and 1 ampoule with solvent are packed in a contour mesh box made of polyvinyl chloride film and foil of aluminum lacquered or without foil. One outline package and instructions for use are put in a pack of cardboard.
    3. Five vials of the drug are packed in contour mesh packages from polyvinyl chloride film and aluminum foil foil or without foil. One outline package and instructions for use are put in a pack of cardboard.
    4. Five vials of the preparation complete with 5 ampoules of the solvent are packed in contoured cell packs made of polyvinylchloride film and aluminum foil foil or without foil. One outline package with the preparation, one outline package with a solvent and instructions for use are put in a pack of cardboard.
    Storage conditions:
    In a dry, the dark place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Shelf life:2 years. Do not use after the expiration date.
    Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription
    Registration number:P N003060 / 01
    Date of registration:15.01.2009
    The owner of the registration certificate:ABOLMED, LLC ABOLMED, LLC Russia
    Manufacturer: & nbsp
    Information update date: & nbsp31.10.2015
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