Undesirable effects are listed by category in order of decreasing severity. Very frequent (>1/10); frequent (>1/100, <1/10); infrequent (>1/1000, <1/100); rare (>1/10000, <1/1000); very rare (<1/10000, including isolated cases).
Immune system disorders
Frequent: allergic reactions (sharp reddening of the skin, urticaria).
Rare: bronchospasm.
Very rare: anaphylactic shock with sudden reddening of the skin, with / without bronchospasm and lowering blood pressure.
Violations of the blood and lymphatic system
Very frequent: increased potassium concentration in the serum (most often a slight increase of 0.05 mmol / l). Myoglobinemia (found in 20% of children, less often in adults). This effect is dose independent and can develop with or without muscular fasciculation.
Very rare: ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia.
Disorders from the metabolism and nutrition
Very rare: life-threatening hyperkalemia, porphyria, malignant hyperthermia with / without muscle rigidity (spasm of masticatory muscles), cardiovascular complications (tachyarrhythmias, unstable blood pressure), elevated CO concentration2 at the end of exhalation (with capnometry), elevated body temperature, severe acidosis, hemoglobinuria.
Disturbances on the part of the organ of sight
Frequent: increased intraocular pressure.
Disturbances from the respiratory system, chest and mediastinal organs
Rare: prolonged apnea in patients with impaired cholinesterase activity of blood plasma, laryngoepasms.
Very rare: late respiratory failure in cases of neuromuscular transmission, laryngeal edema, pulmonary edema.
Disorders from the gastrointestinal tract
Frequent: increased intragastric pressure (risk of regurgitation in pregnant patients, patients with hernia of the esophagus of the diaphragm, atony of the stomach and intestines, ascites, as well as tumors of the abdominal cavity), increased salivation.
Disturbances from musculoskeletal and connective tissue
Very frequent: muscular fasciculation (90%), myalgia as a result of muscular fasciculations (approximately 60% of all patients), most often develops in the neck, shoulder girdle, chest and back, especially in middle-aged patients (20 to 50 years).
Infrequent: minor trisus (up to 60 seconds), which can be reduced with propofol or a small dose of nondepolarizing muscle relaxant.
Rare: muscle contraction instead of relaxation (often against a background of dystrophic myotonia or congenital myotonia). Prolonged paralysis as a result of the development of a double block and the violation of neuromuscular transmission, which can also be a consequence of idiosyncrasy (a hereditary cholinesterase variant, see the "Special instructions" section), an overdose or a decrease in cholinesterase activity in plasma.
Very rare: acute rhabdomyolysis with established and unsettled disorders of neuromuscular conduction.
Cardiovascular disorders
Very frequent: arrhythmias (found in 50% of children and 20% of adults after the first intravenous injection, most often in young children) (see section "Special instructions"), mild bradycardia (especially in children, less often in adults).
Frequent: increase or decrease in blood pressure.
Infrequent: tachycardia.
Very rare: ventricular arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, (due to hyperkalemia), hypercalcemia, especially in children with unsettled skeletal muscle diseases (Duchenne myopathy); heart failure as a result of anaphylactoid reactions.
Disturbances from the skin and subcutaneous tissues
Frequent: redness of the skin due to the release of histamine.
Disorders from the kidneys and urinary tract
Rare: myoglobinuria and increased activity of creatine phosphokinase, mainly in children who received Listenon ® in combination with halothane.
Very rare: myoglobinuria leading to renal failure, mainly in patients with diagnosed or concealed muscular dystrophy.
Disturbances from the nervous system
Frequent: increased intracranial pressure.