Ampicillin + Oxacillin - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

- Gram-negative microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae).

Oxacillin is a penicillin-resistant semisynthetic antibiotic from the penicillin group, resistant to acids. Has a bactericidal effect against:

- Gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Actinomyces spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae);

- anaerobic spore-forming sticks (including Clostridium spp.);

- Gram-negative cocci (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis), Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Treponema spp.

Resistant to the drug: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, most strains Proteus vulgaris, Providencia rettgeri, Morganella morganii.

Pharmacokinetics:

After intramuscular introduction of the maximum concentration of substances in the blood comes in 0.5-1 h. Both antibiotics are excreted by the kidneys, in part - with bile. When repeated injections are not cumulated.

Indications:

Infections of ENT organs: sinusitis, tonsillitis, otitis media.

Infections of the respiratory system: bronchitis, pneumonia.

Infections of the organs of the hepatobiliary system: cholangitis, cholecystitis.

Urinary system infections: pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis, gonorrhea, cervicitis.

Infections of the skin and soft tissues: erysipelas, impetigo, secondarily infected dermatoses.

Prevention of postoperative complications in surgical interventions.

Prevention of infections in newborns.

Severely leaking infections (sepsis, endocarditis, meningitis, postpartum infection).

ICD-10

I.A30-A49.A41.9 Septicemia, unspecified

I.A30-A49.A46 Erys

I.A50-A64.A54 Gonococcal infection

VIII.H65-H75.H66.9 Other otitis media, unspecified

VI.G00-G09.G00 Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified

IX.I30-I52.I33 Acute and subacute endocarditis

X.J00-J06.J01 Acute Sinusitis

X.J00-J06.J03.9 Acute tonsillitis, unspecified

X.J10-J18.J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified

X.J10-J18.J18.8 Other pneumonia, causative agent is not specified

VIII.H65-H75.H65.2 Chronic serous otitis media

X.J30-J39.J35.0 Chronic tonsillitis

X.J20-J22.J20 Acute bronchitis

XI.K80-K87.K81 Cholecystitis

XI.K80-K87.K83.0 Cholangitis

XII.L00-L08.L08.9 Local infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue, unspecified

XII.L00-L08.L01 Impetigo

XIV.N10-N16.N12 Tubulointerstitial nephritis, not specified as acute or chronic

XIV.N30-N39.N30 Cystitis

XIV.N30-N39.N34 Urethritis and urethral syndrome

XIV.N70-N77.N72 Inflammatory disease of the cervix

XIV.N70-N77.N74.3 * Gonococcal inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs (A54.2 +)

XV.O85-O92.O85 Postpartum sepsis

XV.O85-O92.O86 Other postpartum infections

XVI.P35-P39.P39.9 Infection specific for the perinatal period, unspecified

XX.Y83-Y84.Y83.8 Other Surgery

Contraindications:

Lymphocytic leukemia, andinfectious mononucleosis, individual intolerance.

Carefully:

Use with caution in children whose mothers are hypersensitive to penicillins.

Pregnancy and lactation:

Action category for the fetus by FDA - D. Use in pregnancy is possible when the effect of therapy exceeds the potential risk to the fetus. Using during lactation breastfeeding should be abolished.

Dosing and Administration:

Dosage and the frequency of administration of the drug is determined individually.

Single dose for oral administration for adults and children over 14 years is 0.5-1 g, daily - 2-4 g, divided into 4-6 receptions. Children 3-7 years - 100 mg / kg in dayki, 7-14 years - 50 mg / kg in day. Duration of treatment is from 5-7 days to 2 weekspruce.

Intramuscularly and intravenously (jet, drip) for adults and children over 14 years - 3-6 grams per day, preterm infants and children up to 1 year of 100-200 mg / kg in day, children 1-6 years of age - 100 mg / kg in day, children 7-14 years - 100 mg / kg in day. The daily dose is divided into 3-4 reception and is administered at an interval of 6-8 hours, respectively. If necessary, the doctor can increase the dose by 1.5-2 times.

Side effects:

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, taste change, in rare cases, the development of pseudomembranous enterocolitis is possible.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, runny nose, redness of the skin, angioedema, conjunctivitis, fever, joint pain, eosinophilia, in rare cases development of anaphylactic shock is possible.

Blood: leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia.

Others: superinfection; at intravenous introduction - phlebitis and periphlebitis; at intramuscular introduction - infiltration and soreness at the injection site.

Overdose:No data.

Interaction:

With simultaneous use with allopurinol increases the likelihood of skin rash, especially with hyperuricemia.

Oral contraceptives - like other aminopenicillins, ampicillin + oxacillin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

Probenecid in combination with the drug gives a decrease in tubular secretion of ampicillin and oxacillin, an increase in the concentration of the drug in the blood and a half-life.

Antacids, glucosamine, laxatives drugs, food, aminoglycosides (for enteral administration) slow down and reduce absorption; ascorbic acid increases absorption.

Special instructions:

During treatment, regular monitoring of the status of the function of the blood, liver and kidneys is necessary.

In patients with hypersensitivity to penicillins, allergic reactions with cephalosporin antibiotics are possible.

When used in high doses in patients with renal insufficiency, a toxic effect on CNS.

Instructions

Ampicillin + Oxacillin (Ampicillinum + Oxacillinum)