Potassium chloride - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

The preparation of potassium replenishes the deficiency of potassium and chloride ions. Has a negative chrono- and batmotropic effect, in high doses - negative foreign and dromotropic, as well as moderate diuretic effect. In small doses, the potassium drug dilates the coronary vessels, in large - narrows. Participates in the process of carrying out nerve impulses. With intravenous administration, adrenaline is increased by the adrenal glands.

Increase in potassium concentration reduces the risk of toxic effects of cardiac glycosides.

Indications:

Hypokalemia (including diabetes mellitus, prolonged diarrhea and / or vomiting, therapy with antihypertensive drugs, certain diuretics, glucocorticosteroids), treatment and prevention of digitalis intoxication, arrhythmias caused by hypokalemia.

Contraindications:

Hyperkalemia, complete atrioventricular block, adrenal insufficiency, chronic renal failure, concomitant therapy with potassium-sparing diuretics, metabolic disorders (acidosis, hypovolemia with hyponatremia).

Carefully:In violation of atrioventricular conduction; simultaneous use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Pregnancy and lactation:

If you need to use during pregnancy, you should weigh the expected benefit for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus. During lactation, decide on the termination of breastfeeding.

Dosing and Administration:

With severe intoxication, requiring rapid elimination of pathological phenomena, as well as with persistent vomiting potassium chloride is administered intravenously. Potassium chloride solution 40 mg / ml is diluted 10 times with water for injection, thus obtaining an isotonic solution (potassium chloride concentration is 0.4%, dextrose is 3.34%). The solution is injected intravenously at a rate of 20-30 cap / min. At the same time, no more than 100 ml solution. If necessary, the infusion can be repeated, but in such a way that the total daily dose does not exceed 300-500 ml.

You can also inject intravenously drip - up to 2.5 g of potassium chloride in 500 ml of a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride or 5% solution of dextrose.

Side effects:

From the nervous system: paresthesia, myasthenia gravis, confusion.

From the cardiovascular system: decrease in arterial pressure, arrhythmias, blockade of the heart, cardiac arrest.

Other: hyperkalemia, allergic reactions.

Overdose:

Symptoms: with too rapid intravenous administration - hyperkalemia (muscle hypotension, paresthesia of limbs, slowing of atrioventricular conduction, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest). Early clinical signs of hyperkalemia usually appear at a concentration of potassium ions in the serum of more than 6 meq / l: sharpening of the T wave, disappearance of the prong U, interval lengthening QT, expansion of the complex QRS. The more severe symptoms of hyperkalemia - skeletal muscle paralysis and cardiac arrest - develop at a potassium ion concentration of 9-10 meq / L.

Treatment: inside or intravenously - sodium chloride solution; intravenously - 300-500 ml of a 5% solution of dextrose (with 10-20 units of short-acting insulin per 1 liter); if necessary, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Interaction:

Pharmaceutically compatible with solutions cardiac glycosides (improves their tolerability).

Strengthens the negative dromo- and batmotropic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs. Eliminates hypokalemia caused by glucocorticosteroids, mineralocorticosteroids and diuretics.

Beta-blockers, ciclosporin, potassium-sparing diuretics, heparin, inhibitors angiotensin-converting enzyme, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

Special instructions:

During the treatment it is necessary to control the content of potassium ions in the blood serum, ECG, in the treatment of hypokalemia - control of the acid-base state.

A diet with a high content of sodium chloride increases the excretion of potassium ions from the body.

It should be borne in mind that hyperkalemia, leading to death, can develop rapidly and proceed asymptomatically.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and occupations other potentially dangerous species activities that require increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Form release / dosage:Concentrate for the preparation of a solution for infusions 40 mg / ml.

Packaging:

In ampoules of 10 ml.For 10 ampoules with instructions for use, a vial ampoule or scarifier ampullum in a pack of cardboard.

When packaging ampoules that have a break ring or an opening point, the ampoule knife or the ampoule scapegrator is not put in.

5 ampoules in a cassette outline package. 2 cassette contour packs with instructions for use in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions:

At a temperature of 15 to 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

3 years. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LS-001186

Date of registration:30.08.2011 / 26.05.2014

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:MICROGEN FGUP Scientific and Production Association MICROGEN FGUP Scientific and Production Association Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

MICROGEN FGUP NGO Russia

Information update date: & nbsp20.11.2017

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Potassium chloride (Potassium chloride)