Potassium chloride - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

The potassium preparation restores the water-electrolyte balance. Has a negative chrono- and batmotropic effect, in high doses - negative foreign and dromotropic, as well as moderate diuretic effect. In small doses, the potassium drug dilates the coronary vessels, in large - narrows. Participates in the process of carrying out nerve impulses. With intravenous administration, adrenaline is increased by the adrenal glands.

Activates many cytoplasmic enzymes, participates in maintaining intracellular osmotic pressure, in protein-synthetic reactions and amino acid transport. Improves the contraction of skeletal muscles in muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis. Increasing the concentration of the potassium drug reduces the risk of developing toxic effects of cardiac glycosides.

Indications:

Hypokalemia (incl.against diabetes mellitus, prolonged diarrhea and / or vomiting, therapy with antihypertensive drugs, certain diuretics, glucocorticoids), treatment and prevention of digitalis intoxication, and the prevention of arrhythmia in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Contraindications:

Hyperkalemia, complete blockade of the heart, adrenal insufficiency, metabolic disorders (acidosis, hypovolemia with hyponatremia), erosive and ulcerative diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, children under 18 years of age (efficacy and safety not established).

Carefully:

With violations of atrioventricular conduction, chronic renal failure, simultaneous use of potassium-sparing diuretics and inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Pregnancy and lactation:

If you need to use during pregnancy, you should weigh the expected benefit for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus. During the lactation period, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be addressed.

Dosing and Administration:

With severe intoxication, requiring rapid elimination of pathological phenomena, as well as with persistent vomiting potassium chloride is administered intravenously.To this end, 20 ml of potassium chloride solution 40 mg / ml is diluted 10 times with water for injection (up to a volume of 200 ml), thus obtaining an isotonic solution (potassium chloride concentration is 0.4%, dextrose -3.34%).

The resulting solution is injected intravenously at a rate of 20-30 cap / min. At the same time, no more than 100 ml of solution is injected. If necessary, the infusion can be repeated, but in such a way that the total daily dose does not exceed 300-500 ml.

You can also inject intravenously drip - up to 2.5 g of potassium chloride in 500 ml of isotonic (0.9%) sodium chloride solution or 5 % solution of dextrose.

Side effects:

From the nervous system: paresthesia, muscle weakness, confusion.

From the cardiovascular system: decrease in arterial pressure, paroxysmal extrasystole, cardiac arrest.

Other: hyperkalemia, allergic reactions.

Overdose:

Symptoms: with too rapid intravenous administration - hyperkalemia (muscle hypotension, paresthesia of limbs, slowing of atrioventricular conduction up to the development of complete transverse cardiac blockade, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest).

Early clinical signs of hyperkalemia usually appear at a concentration of potassium ions in the serum of more than 6 meq / l: taper T, lengthen the interval QT, expansion of the complex QRS. More severe symptoms of hyperkalemia - muscle paralysis and cardiac arrest - develop at a concentration of potassium ions of 9-10 meq / l.

Treatment: inside or intravenously - sodium chloride solution; intravenously - 300-500 ml of a 5% solution of dextrose (with 10-20 units of insulin in 1 liter); if necessary, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Interaction:

Strengthens the negative dromo- and batmotropic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs. Beta-blockers, ciclosporin, potassium-sparing diuretics, heparin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

Special instructions:

During the treatment it is necessary to control the content of potassium ions in the blood serum, ECG, in the treatment of hypokalemia - control of the acid-base state. Safety and effectiveness of potassium chloride in children have not been established.

A diet with a high content of sodium chloride increases the excretion of potassium from the body.

It should be noted that fatal hyperkalemia can develop rapidly and asymptomatically.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

During the period of treatment, it is not recommended to drive vehicles and engage in other potentially hazardous activities, the drug may cause confusion.

Form release / dosage:

Concentrate for the preparation of a solution for infusions 40 mg / ml.

Packaging:

For 10 ml in ampoules.

5 ampoules are placed in a contour mesh package made of a polyvinyl chloride film. 2 contour squares are placed in a pack of cardboard.

10 ampoules are placed in a box of cardboard with corrugated paper partitions.

In each pack, the box is enclosed with instructions for use, ampoule knife or ampoule scapper (when packing ampoules with a kink ring, point and notch ampoule opener or ampoule scarifier do not put).

Storage conditions:

At a temperature of 18 to 25 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

3 years.

Do not use after the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LS-000307

Date of registration:24.02.2010

The owner of the registration certificate:BIOSINTEZ, PAO BIOSINTEZ, PAO Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

BIOSINTEZ, PAO Russia

Information update date: & nbsp15.09.2015

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Potassium chloride (Potassium chloride)