Potassium chloride - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Excipients: dextrose (glucose) monohydrate (in terms of dextrose) 334 mg,0.1 M solution of hydrochloric acid - to a pH of 3.0-4.0, water for injection - up to 1 ml.

Description:Transparent colorless or slightly yellowish liquid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:Potassium preparation

ATX: & nbsp

B.05.X.A Electrolyte solutions

B.05.X.A.01 Potassium chloride

Pharmacodynamics:

Potassium preparation, restores water-electrolyte balance. Has a negative chrono- and batmotropic effect, in high doses - negative foreign and dromotropic, as well as moderate diuretic effect. In small doses, the potassium drug dilates the coronary vessels, in large - narrows. Participates in the process of carrying out nerve impulses. With intravenous administration increases the secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal glands. Activates many cytoplasmic enzymes, participates in maintaining intracellular osmotic pressure, in protein-synthetic reactions and transport of amino acids. Improves the contraction of skeletal muscles in muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis. Increase in potassium concentration reduces the risk of toxic effects of cardiac glycosides.

Indications:

Hypokalemia (including diabetes mellitus, prolonged diarrhea and / or vomiting,therapy with antihypertensive drugs, certain diuretics, glucocorticosteroids), treatment and prevention of digitalis intoxication, and the prevention of arrhythmia in patients with myocardial infarction (in the acute period).

Contraindications:

Hyperkalemia, complete atrioventricular block, adrenal insufficiency, chronic renal failure, concomitant therapy with potassium-sparing diuretics, metabolic disorders (acidosis, hypovolaemia with hyponatremia), erosive and ulcerative gastrointestinal diseases, age under 18 years (efficacy and safety not established).

Pregnancy and lactation:

If necessary, use in pregnancy should be compared with the expected benefit for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus.

During the lactation period, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be addressed.

Dosing and Administration:

Intravenously sprayed or drip.

50 ml of the drug is diluted with water for injection 10 times (up to 500 ml) to obtain an isotonic solution and injected intravenously, drip (20-30 drops per minute). For drip introduction, you can prepare a solution at the rate of 2 - 2.5 g of potassium chloride in 500 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% solution of dextrose.

For the prevention and treatment of ectopic arrhythmias in myocardial infarction, a polarizing mixture is prepared: dilute the drug in 5% - 10 % solution of dextrose (add insulin at the rate of 1 unit for 3-4 g of dry dextrose).

In severe intoxication or persistent vomiting intravenously injected drug in a 40% solution of dextrose.

Side effects:

From the nervous system: paresthesia, muscle weakness, confusion.

From the cardiovascular system: reduction of arterial pressure, arrhythmia, cardiac blockade, cardiac arrest.

Other: hyperkalemia, allergic reactions.

Overdose:

Symptoms: hyperkalemia (muscle hypotension, paresthesia of the limbs, slowing of atrioventricular conduction, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest). Early clinical signs of hyperkalemia usually appear at a potassium concentration in the blood serum of more than 6 meq / l: sharpening of the T wave, a decrease in the segment ST, interval lengthening QT, expansion of the complex QRS. More severe symptoms of hyperkalemia - muscle paralysis and cardiac arrest - develop at a potassium concentration 9-10 meq / l.

Treatment: inside or intravenously - a solution of sodium chloride; intravenously - 300 - 500 ml of a 5% solution of dextrose (with 10 - 20 units of insulin per liter); if necessary, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Interaction:

Pharmaceutically compatible with solutions of cardiac glycosides.

Strengthens the negative dromo- and batmotropic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs.

Beta-blockers, ciclosporin, potassium-sparing diuretics, heparin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

Special instructions:

During the treatment it is necessary to control the content of potassium ions in the blood serum, ECG, in the treatment of hypokalemia - control acid-base condition.

Safety and effectiveness of potassium chloride in children have not been established.

A diet with a high content of sodium chloride increases the excretion of potassium ions from the body.

It should be borne in mind that hyperkalemia, leading to death, can develop rapidly and proceed asymptomatically.

Form release / dosage:

Concentrate for the preparation of a solution for infusions 40 mg / ml.

Packaging:

10 ml into neutral glass ampoules.

10 ampoules together with the instruction for use and the ampoule scarifier are placed in a box of cardboard.

Storage conditions:

Store at temperatures from 0 to 30 ° C out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

3 years.

Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:P N001981 / 01

Date of registration:29.07.2008

The owner of the registration certificate:MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. N.А.Semashko, OJSC MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. N.А.Semashko, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. NA Semashko OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp15.09.2015

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Potassium chloride (Potassium chloride)