Potassium iodide - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Potassium iodide is involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. When iodides enter the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle, iodine ions under the influence of the enzyme iodide peroxidase oxidize to form elemental iodine, which is incorporated into the tyrosine molecule. In this case, some of the tyrosine radicals in thyroglobulin are iodinated, resulting in the formation of tyronins, the main ones being thyroxin (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃). Tyronins form a complex with protein thyroglobulin, which is deposited in the colloid of the thyroid follicle. In high doses potassium iodide blocks the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption is fast and complete. The concentration in the plasma is 0.1-0.5 μg / dL. Intensively absorbed by the thyroid gland, where it is oxidized to iodine.Substantially provides iodination of tyrosine in the thyroid gland with the formation of mono- and diiodothyronine, T₃ and T₄. It also accumulates in salivary and lactating mammary glands, stomach tissues (the content in saliva, milk and gastric juice exceeds the plasma concentration by 30 times).

It is excreted by the kidneys, partly by the bronchial, salivary and lacrimal glands.

Indications:

Protection of the thyroid gland from exposure to radioactive isotopes of iodine (by inhalation of vapors, aerosols or by drinking water, milk and other products contaminated with radioactive iodine).

Contraindications:

- Thyrotoxicosis;

- nephrites, nephroses;

-Increased sensitivity to iodine.

Pregnancy and lactation:

The drug penetrates well through the placenta and can cause the development of hypothyroidism and goiter in the fetus. In pregnancy and during lactation apply if the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the risk to the fetus and the baby.

Dosing and Administration:

If there is a threat of radioactive iodine intake, adults and children over 2 years of age are prescribed 125 mg once a day. Children under 2 years, including those who are breastfeeding, 40 mg once a day.Children give the drug before the first feeding; The tablet must be crushed, dissolved in a small amount of jelly, sweet tea. Pregnant women take simultaneously 125 mg of potassium iodide and 750 mg of potassium perchlorate daily.

The protective efficacy of a single dose is preserved for 1 day. Tablets are taken until the threat of radioactive iodine intake disappears.

Side effects:

When long-term administration of high doses of the drug may develop iodine-induced hyperthyroidism (especially in elderly patients).

When treated with high doses of iodine, iodine-induced goiter and hypothyroidism may develop in some cases.

Allergic reactions: Skin rash, angioedema, allergic arthritis, eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy.

From the digestive system: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, swelling of the salivary glands, hypersalivation.

The phenomena of "iodism": redness of the oral mucosa, pharynx, stomach, "metallic" aftertaste in the mouth, headache, skin rash, sore gums, dental pain, swelling of the nasal mucosa, conjunctivitis, bronchitis, fever iodine, iodine acne.

Overdose:

Symptoms of acute overdose: staining the mucous membranes in brown, reflex vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea (possibly, melena). In severe cases, the development of dehydration and shock is possible.

Treatment for acute overdose: gastric lavage, administration of sodium thiosulfate, symptomatic therapy of water-electrolyte balance disturbance, antishock therapy.

Chronic overdose can lead to the development of the phenomenon of "iodism."

Treatment for chronic overdose: cancellation of the drug.

Interaction:

The effectiveness of treatment with thyreostatics with simultaneous intake of iodine is reduced.

Potassium perchlorate suppresses the absorption of iodine by the thyroid gland. ACE inhibitors (incl. captopril, enalapril, lisinopril) increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Antithyroid drugs weaken the effect (mutually). Reduces the seizure of the thyroid gland 131 I and 123 I. The intake of high doses of iodine and the simultaneous use of potassium-sparing diuretics can lead to the development of hyperkalemia (high potassium content in the blood).

At the same time, the administration of iodine therapy in high doses and lithium preparations promotes the development of goiter and hypothyroidism.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:Data on the adverse effect of the drug on the ability to drive a car and to control machines and mechanisms are absent.

Form release / dosage:Tablets 40 mg, 125 mg.

Packaging:

Tablets of 40 mg. For 50, 100, 1000, 5000 or 10000 tablets in cans or bottles of dark glass with screwed plastic caps or in cans or plastic bottles with screwed plastic caps. On the jar or bottle stick a label of paper label. By 1, 2, 4, or 10 tablets in a contour mesh box made of a polyvinyl chloride film and aluminum foil.

Contoured cell packs without a secondary (consumer) package for 1, 2, 4, or 10 tablets are intended for special purposes.

1 outline cell packing on 2 or 10 tablets together with instructions for use in a pack of cardboard.

Tablets 125 mg. For 50, 100, 1000, 5000 or 10000 tablets in cans or bottles of dark glass with screwed plastic caps or in cans or plastic bottles with screwed plastic caps. On the jar or bottle stick a label of paper label. By 1, 2, 4, or 10 tablets in a contour mesh box made of a polyvinyl chloride film and aluminum foil.

Contoured cell packs without a secondary (consumer) package for 1, 2, 4, or 10 tablets are intended for special purposes.

1 circuit cell pack for 1 or 10 tablets together with instructions for use in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions:

In a dry, protected from light place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

4 years.

Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:For hospitals

Registration number:P N003432 / 01

Date of registration:09.06.2009 / 19.07.2017

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

FARMZASCHITA NPC, FSUE Russia

Information update date: & nbsp20.11.2017

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Potassium iodide (Potassium iodide)