Lincomycin hydrochloride - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Antibiotic from the group of lincosamines. In therapeutic doses acts bacteriostatically. At higher concentrations, it has a bactericidal effect. Suppresses protein synthesis in a microbial cell. It is active mainly against Gram-positive bacteria: aerobic-Staphylococcus spp. (including those producing penicillinase); Streptococcus spp.y incl. Streptococcus pneumoniae (with the exception of Enterococcus faecalis), Corynebacterium diphtheriae; anaerobic spore-forming bacteria Clostridium spp. Lincomycin is also active against gram-negative anaerobic bacteria: Bacteroides spp., Mycoplasma spp. Not sensitive to lincomycin most gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa. Stability is produced slowly. There is a cross-resistance between lincomycin and clindamycin.

After parenteral administration, the drug is quickly distributed in tissues and body fluids, except spinal fluid, high concentrations are achieved in bone tissue, bile, urine.

Lincomycin passes through the placenta, penetrates into breast milk.

Binding to proteins with increasing concentration decreases.

Pharmacokinetics:

Half-life:

Normally, the elimination half-life is 5.4 hours (4-6 hours). However, this period may be prolonged if the liver and / or kidney function is impaired.

Time to reach the maximum concentration in blood plasma: with intramuscular injection - 0.5 hours; at intravenous introduction - by the end of infusion.

Excretion: with the kidneys and bile. After intramuscular injection of the drug for 24 hours on the average is unchanged in the urine 10 - 47%, after intravenous administration - 13 -72% dose. When carrying out hemodialysis, the drug is not removed from the blood.

Indications:

Apply lincomycin in the treatment of septic conditions caused by staphylococci and streptococci, with acute and chronic osteomyelitis, pneumonia, purulent infections of the skin and soft tissues, erysipelas, otitis and other infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to this antibiotic, especially in infections caused by microorganisms resistant to penicillins and other antibiotics, as well as allergies to penicillins.

Due to the fact that lincomycin accumulates in bone tissue, it is one of the most effective drugs in the treatment of acute and chronic osteomyelitis and other infectious bone lesions, as well as joints.

Contraindications:

Lincomycin hydrochloride is contraindicated in cases of hypersensitivity to lincomycin and clindamycin, pregnancy (with the exception of cases when it is necessary for life indications), if necessary, during lactation, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be solved, with severe liver and kidney diseases (with long courses of treatment it is necessary to periodically monitor the liver and kidney function). Parenteral drug should not be administered together with peripheral muscle relaxants, with myasthenia gravis.

Dosing and Administration:

Apply lincomycin hydrochloride intramuscularly and intravenously.

The daily dose for adults with parenteral administration is 1.8 g, single dose - 0.6 g. In severe infection, the daily dose can be increased to 2.4 g. The drug is administered 3 times a day at intervals of 8 hours. Children are prescribed in a daily dose of 10-20 mg / kg, regardless of age.

Intramuscularly, lincomycin hydrochloride is administered only at a drop rate of 60-80 drops per minute. Before the introduction of 2 ml of a 30% solution of antibiotic (0.6 g) is diluted with 250 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Enter intravenously without prior dilution is not possible.

Duration of treatment 7-14 days; with osteomyelitis treatment course up to 3 weeks or more.

Patients with renal and hepatic impairment lincomycin administered parenterally in a daily dose not exceeding 1.8 g, with intervals between administrations of 12 hours.

Side effects:

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhea, glossitis, stomatitis; transient increase in the level of hepatic transaminases and bilirubin in blood plasma, with prolonged use in high doses, the development of pseudomembranous colitis is possible.

On the part of the hematopoiesis system: reversible leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytosis, and in rare cases aplastic anemia and pancytopenia.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock.

Effects caused by chemotherapeutic action: Candidiasis.

Local Reactions: with intramuscular injection, local irritation, soreness, formation of a seal and a sterile abscess may occur. With intravenous administration, thrombophlebitis is possible.

Other: lowering blood pressure, dizziness, weakness (with rapid on / in the introduction).

Interaction:

At simultaneous application with penicillins, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol or itromycin antagonism of antimicrobial action is possible, with aminoglycosides - synergism of action.

With simultaneous application with funds for inhalation anesthesia or muscle relaxants of peripheral action, there is an increase in neuromuscular blockade, up to the development of apnea.

Pharmaceutical interaction; lincomycin It is incompatible with kanamycin, novobiocin, barbiturates, theophylline, calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate.

Special instructions:

With prolonged use of the drug, systematic monitoring of kidney and liver function is necessary. The appointment to patients with hepatic insufficiency is permissible only for vital indications.

In the case of pseudomembranous colitis lincomycin should be canceled and assigned vancomycin or bacitracin.

In order to avoid the development of compaction at the injection site and an aseptic abscess, the drug must be administered intramuscularly.

Form release / dosage:Solution for injection 30%.

Packaging:5 ampoules of 1 or 2 ml in a contour mesh package made of PVC and foil or without foil, followed by the insertion of 2 outline packages together with the instructions for use and the scarifier in the pack. 10 ampoules together with instructions for use and scarifier in a cardboard box.

Storage conditions:List B. In the dark place at room temperature. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:3 years. Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:P N001221 / 01

Date of registration:07.04.2009

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. N.А.Semashko, OJSC MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. N.А.Semashko, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. NA Semashko OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp10.04.2018

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Lincomycin hydrochloride (Lyncomycin hydrochloride)