Lincomycin - instructions for use, doses, side effects, contraindications

Antibiotic, produced Streptomyces lincolniensis, has a bacteriostatic effect. Suppress protein synthesis of bacteria due to reversible binding to 50S subunit of ribosomes, disrupts the formation of peptide bonds.

Sensitive in vivo:

Staphylococcus aureus (penicillian anisotropic and non-producing strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Sensitive in vitro:

Aerobic Gram-positive cocci - Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus spp. groups viridans.

Aerobic Gram-positive sticks - Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming sticks - Propionibacterium acnes.

Anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming sticks - Clostridium tetani, Clostridium perfringens.

Ineffective in most strains Enterococcus faecalis; does not apply to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and other gram-negative bacteria; fungi and viruses.

The optimum action is in alkaline medium (pH 8-8.5). Resistance to lincomycin develops slowly. In high doses has a bactericidal effect.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption - 30-40% (eating slows down speed and degree of absorption). Time to reach the maximum concentration - 2-3 hours.It penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, liver, kidneys, through the placental barrier, into breast milk; in high concentrations found in bone tissue and joints. Through the blood-brain barrier lincomycin penetrates slightly, with meningitis - permeability increases.

Partially metabolized in the liver. The half-life is 5 hours. It is excreted unchanged in the form of metabolites with bile and kidneys.

Indications:

Bacterial infections caused by sensitive microorganisms (primarily Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp., especially microorganisms resistant to penicillins, as well as allergic to penicillins): subacute septic endocarditis, lung abscess, pleural empyema, pleurisy, otitis, osteomyelitis (acute and chronic), purulent arthritis, postoperative purulent complications, wound infection, skin and soft skin infections tissues (pyoderma, furunculosis, phlegmon, erysipelas).

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, pregnancy (except when necessary for "vital" indications), lactation period, severe hepatic and / or renal insufficiency; Children's age (up to 12 years for this dosage form).

Carefully:Fungal diseases of the skin, mucous membrane of the oral cavity, vagina, diabetes mellitus.

Dosing and Administration:

Inside, for 1-2 hours before eating. Adults and children over 12 years of age - 500 mg 3-4 times a day.

Duration of treatment, depending on the form and severity of the disease is 7-14 days (with osteomyelitis - 3 weeks or more).

With prolonged or repeated courses, treatment should be performed under the control of liver and kidney function.

Side effects:

From the digestive system: glossitis, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, colitis (including pseudomembranous), itching of the anus; jaundice, a violation of liver function (including increased activity of "liver" transaminases).

From the hematopoiesis: neutropenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia.

Allergic reactions: angioedema, serum sickness, anaphylactic reactions; rarely - erythema multiforme (reminiscent of Stevens-Johnson syndrome).

From the skin: a rash, urticaria, vaginitis, exfoliative or vesiculo-bullous dermatitis.

From the urinary system: disturbance of kidney function (azotemia, oliguria, proteinuria).

From the sense organs: noise in the ears, vertigo.

Overdose:

Symptoms: increased side effects from the digestive system.

Treatment: gastric lavage, reception of activated charcoal, symptomatic therapy.

Interaction:

Antagonism - with erythromycin, chloramphenicol; ampicillin and other bactericidal antibiotics, synergism with aminoglycosides.

Antidiarrhoeal drugs reduce the effect of lincomycin (the interval between their use should be at least 4 hours).

Strengthens the effect of drugs for inhalation anesthesia, muscle relaxants and opioid analgesics, increasing the risk of neuromuscular blockade and stopping breathing.

When used simultaneously with lincomycin, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, the effect of theophylline may increase and require a reduction in its dose.

Special instructions:

Against the background of long-term treatment, periodic monitoring of the activity of "liver" transaminases and kidney function is necessary.

The appointment to patients with hepatic insufficiency is permissible only for "vital" indications.

When there are signs of pseudomembranous enterocolitis (diarrhea, leukocytosis, fever, abdominal pain, discharge with mucous masses of blood and mucus) in mild cases, it is sufficient to discontinue the preparation and prescribe ion-exchange resinscolestramine), in severe cases, compensation for loss of fluid, electrolytes and protein, vancomycin - Inside, in a daily dose of 0.5-2 g (for 3-4 doses) for 10 days or bacitracin.

The drug in a daily dose (2 g) contains 0.1 XE carbohydrates, which should be taken into account in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

Influence on driving and other mechanisms is not revealed.

Form release / dosage:

Capsules 250 mg.

Packaging:

10 capsules per contour cell package.

1, 2 contoured cell packs with instructions for use are placed in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

4 years. Do not use after expiration date indicated on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LS-001860

Date of registration:21.06.2010 / 01.09.2014

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:SYNTHESIS, OJSC SYNTHESIS, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

SYNTHESIS, OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp10.04.2018

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Lincomycin (Lincomycin)