Lincomycin - instructions for use, doses, side effects, contraindications

Antibiotic, produced Streptomyces lincolniensis, has a bacteriostatic effect. Suppress protein synthesis of bacteria due to reversible binding to 50S subunit of ribosomes, disrupts the formation of peptide bonds.

Active against gram-positive cocci (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., in t.ch. Streptococcus pneumoniae); Haemophilus influenzae; Bacillus anthracis, Mycoplasma spp., Bacteroides spp., Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani.

Effective in relation to Staphylococcus spp., resistant to penicillin, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, cephalosporins (30% Staphylococcus spp., resistant to erythromycin, have cross resistance to lincomycin).

Does not apply to Enterococcus spp (incl. Enterococcus faecalis), Gram-negative microorganisms, fungi, viruses, protozoa; is inferior in activity to erythromycin against spore forming anaerobes, Neisseria spp., Corynebacterium spp.

The optimum action is in alkaline medium (pH 8-8.5). Resistance to lincomycin develops slowly. In high doses has a bactericidal effect.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption - 30-40% (eating slows down speed and degree of absorption). Time to reach the maximum concentration of the drug and 3 hours. It penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, liver, kidneys, placental barrier, into breast milk; in high concentrations found in bone tissue and joints. Through the blood-brain barrier lincomycin penetrates slightly, with meningitis - permeability increases.

Partially metabolized in the liver. Half-life is 5 hours. It is excreted unchanged in the form of metabolites with bile and kidneys.

Indications:

Bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms (primarily staphylococci and streptococci, particularly microorganisms that are resistant to penicillins, as well as allergies to penicillins): chronic pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, pleural effusion, otitis, osteomyelitis (acute and chronic), purulent arthritis , postoperative septic complications, wound infection, skin and soft tissue infections (pyoderma, furunculosis, cellulitis, erysipelas).

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to lincomycin and clindamycin, pregnancy, severe hepatic and / or renal failure; lactation period, children's age up to 3 years and body weight less than 20 kg (for capsules).

Carefully:Fungal diseases of the skin, mucous membrane of the mouth, vagina.

Pregnancy and lactation:

Use during pregnancy is contraindicated. If it is necessary to use during lactation, breastfeeding should be abolished.

Dosing and Administration:

Inside.

Inside, 1-2 hours before meals or 2-3 hours after eating, with plenty of water, 2-3 times a day at intervals of 8-12 hours. For adults, the daily dose - 1-1.5 g, single - 0.5 g. For children from 3 to 14 years (with a body weight of 20 to 40 kg) daily dose - 30-60 mg / kg.

Duration of treatment, depending on the form and severity of the disease is 7-14 days (with osteomyelitis - 3 weeks or more).

Side effects:

From the gastrointestinal tract (GIT): nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain, abdominal pain, glossitis, stomatitis, transient hyperbilirubinemia, increased activity of "liver" transaminases; with prolonged use - candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

On the part of the organs of hematopoiesis: reversible leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, angioedema, anaphylactic shock.

Other: fungal infections of the genital tract.

Overdose:

There may be an increase in side effects.

Treatment: gastric lavage, symptomatic therapy.

Interaction:Antagonism - with erythromycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and other bactericidal antibiotics, synergism with aminoglycosides. Antidiarrhoeal drugs (LS) reduce the effect of lincomycin (the interval between their use should be at least 4 hours). Strengthens the effect of drugs for inhalation anesthesia, muscle relaxants and opioid analgesics, increasing the risk of neuromuscular blockade and stopping breathing. When used simultaneously with lincomycin, an inhibitor of P450, the effect of theophylline may increase and require a reduction in its dose.

Special instructions:

Against the background of long-term treatment, periodic monitoring of the activity of "liver" transaminases and kidney function is necessary.

The appointment to patients with hepatic insufficiency is permissible only for "vital" indications.

When there are signs of pseudomembranous enterocolitis (diarrhea, leukocytosis, fever, abdominal pain, discharge with mucous masses of blood and mucus) in mild cases, it is sufficient to discontinue the preparation and prescribe ion-exchange resinscolestramine), in severe cases, compensation for loss of fluid, electrolytes and protein, vancomycin - Inside, in a daily dose of 0.5-2 g (for 3-4 doses) for 10 days or bacitracin.

With prolonged or repeated courses, treatment should be performed under the control of liver and kidney function.

Form release / dosage:

Capsules of 250 mg.

Packaging:

10 capsules per contour cell package; for 20 capsules in a can of light-protective glass or a can of polymer or a polymer bottle.

Each jar or bottle or 1 or 2 contour mesh packages together with the instruction for use is placed in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions:

List B. In a dry, protected from light place, at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:4 years. Do not use after the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LSR-009817/08

Date of registration:08.12.2008

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:NORTH STAR, CJSC NORTH STAR, CJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

NORTH STAR, CJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp10.04.2018

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Lincomycin (Lincomycin)