Calcium chloride - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

The preparation of calcium, replenishes the deficiency of calcium ions. Calcium ions are necessary for the realization of the process of transmission of nerve impulses, reduction of skeletal and smooth muscles,the activity of the myocardium, the formation of bone tissue, the process of blood coagulation, the functioning of other systems and organs. Calcium is the co-factor of many enzymes and therefore affects the secretory activity of the endocrine and exocrine glands.

The decrease in the content of calcium ions in the blood plasma and tissues can lead to the development of various pathological processes. Hypocalcemia leads to the development of tetany and spasmophilia, the violation of the functions of skeletal and smooth muscles, the cardiovascular system, the disruption of the blood coagulation system, the development of osteoporosis.

TOAlcychloride, in addition to eliminating hypocalcemia, reduces vascular permeability and has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic effect.

Pharmacokinetics:In the blood, calcium is in the ionized and bound state. The plasma is about 45 % calcium is in the complex with proteins. Ionized calcium has physiological activity. It is deposited in bone tissue. About 20 % the drug is excreted by the kidneys, the rest (80%) is the intestine.

Indications:

- allergic diseases (hives, angioedema, allergic dermatoses, serum sickness);

- bites and stings of insects;

- hypocalcemia (including hypocalcemia tetany, with hypoparathyroidism);

- lead colic;

- Hyperkalemia;

- an overdose of magnesium salts (as part of complex therapy).

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, severe chronic renal failure, ventricular fibrillation, urolithiasis, sarcoidosis, while taking with cardiac glycosides, pregnancy, breast-feeding.

If you have any of these diseases, consult a doctor before taking the drug.

Carefully:

Chronic renal failure mild to moderate severity, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance (the risk of hypercalcemia), heart disease (risk of arrhythmia), renal disease, "pulmonary" heart, respiratory acidosis, respiratory failure (risk of toxic reactions due to the oxidation of calcium chloride).

Pregnancy and lactation:

Perhaps, if the positive effect for the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus and the baby.

Dosing and Administration:

Intravenously spray or drip (slowly) at a speed of no more than 0.75-1.5 ml / min.

On the day of intravenous drip, the solution of the drug is first diluted in 100-200 ml of a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride or 5% solution of dextrose (glucose).

With allergic reactions, bites and stings of insects, lead colic, overdose of magnesium salts - 7,5-15 ml.

In acute calcicemia - 7.5-15 ml for 1-3 days, if necessary, the administration is repeated every 1-3 days.

With hypocalcemic tetany - 5-17.5 ml. The administration is repeated every 8 hours until a therapeutic effect is achieved.

With giperkaliemii (under the control of the electrocardiogram) - 2.45-15 ml, if necessary, the repeated dose is administered after 1-2 minutes.

Children - 0.3 ml / kg, the maximum daily dose - 15 ml.

In allergic diseases, the combined use of calcium chloride and antihistamines is recommended.

Side effects:

With intravenous administration, it is possible to feel the heat first in the oral cavity, and then throughout the body, the taste of chalk in the mouth, peripheral vasodilation, lowering blood pressure, arrhythmia (including bradycardia), nausea, fainting.

When ingested in the subcutaneous fat and muscle, it causes severe irritation and necrosis of surrounding tissues.

With rapid administration, ventricular fibrillation, cardiovascular insufficiency, up to cardiac arrest are possible.

Local reactions: irritation along the veins; hyperemia and pain, up to necrosis, calcification (may indicate extravasation).

If any of the side effects listed in the manual are aggravated, or if you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, tell your doctor.

Overdose:

Symptoms: hypercalcemia (thirst, nausea, vomiting, constipation, polyuria, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, mental disorders, in severe cases - arrhythmia, coma, especially in patients with chronic renal failure.

Treatment: with mild overdose (calcium concentration - 2,6-2,9 mmol / l), the administration is stopped and other calcium-containing drugs are canceled. In severe overdose (calcium concentration more than 2.9 mmol / l) - the introduction of 0.9% sodium chloride solution; non-diasidic diuretics; control the concentration of potassium and magnesium in the serum, if necessary, the administration of potassium and magnesium preparations; control cardiac activity, the introduction of beta-adrenoblockers for the prevention of arrhythmias, hemodialysis.

Interaction:

With simultaneous application reduces the effect of blockers of "slow" calcium channels; with other calcium and magnesium preparations, the risk of hypercalcemia or hypermagnesia, respectively, increases, especially in patients with chronic renal insufficiency; with quinidine - possible slowing of intraventricular conduction and increased toxicity of quinidine.

Reduces the effectiveness of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. May increase the duration of action of tubocurarine chloride.

Pharmaceutically incompatible with tetracyclines, magnesium sulfate, drugs containing phosphates, carbonates or tartrates.

During the treatment with cardiac glycosides parenteral application of calcium chloride is not recommended in connection with the intensification of cardiotoxic action.

Special instructions:

Do not administer subcutaneously and intramuscularly! When calcium chloride comes into or under the muscle tissue, a strong local tissue irritation develops with the formation of foci of necrosis. In case of getting the solution of the drug under the skin or in the muscle, it is best to "suck" calcium chloride Using a syringe and at the injection site, add 10 ml 25 % solution of sodium sulfate or 5-10 ml of a 25% solution of magnesium sulfate.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intravenous administration is 100 mg / ml.

Packaging:

2, 5 or 10 ml into neutral glass ampoules.

10 ampoules are placed in a pack of cardboard.

5 ampoules are placed in open contour cell packs of a polyvinyl chloride film.

1 or 2 open contour mesh packs are placed in a pack of cardboard, each pack inserts instructions for use, the ampoule scaler.

In the case of using ampoules with a kink ring or with a notch and a point, the ampoule scaper is not inserted.

Storage conditions:

5 years. Do not use after expiry date.

Shelf life:

At a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:P N003975 / 01

Date of registration:18.01.2010

The owner of the registration certificate:SYNTHESIS, OJSC SYNTHESIS, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

SYNTHESIS, OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp14.09.2015

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Calcium chloride (Calcium chloride)