Loperamide - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Loperamide, by binding to opioid receptors of the intestinal wall (stimulation of choline and adrenergic neurons via guanine nucleotides), reduces tone and mothoriku smooth muscles of the intestine, slows down the passage of the contents of the intestine, reduces the secretion of fluid and electrolytes with feces. Increases the tone of the anal sphincter, promotes retention of fecal masses and reduced urge to defecate. The action comes quickly and lasts 4-6 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption - 40%. Time required to achieve maximum concentration (TCcmah) - 2.5 hours. The connection with plasma proteins is 97%. The half-life is 9-14 hours.Does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. It is almost completely metabolized in the liver by conjugation. Excreted mainly by the intestine; a small part is excreted by the kidneys (in the form of conjugated metabolites).

Indications:

Symptomatic treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea of various genesis (allergic, emotional, drug, radiation, with a change in diet and quality of food, in violation of metabolism and absorption, as an auxiliary for diarrhea of infectious genesis). Regulation of stool in patients with ileostomy.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to the drug, lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption, diverticulosis, intestinal obstruction, ulcerative colitis in the acute stage, diarrhea on the background of acute pseudomembranous enterocolitis, in the form of monotherapy - dysentery and other infections of the gastrointestinal tract; pregnancy (I trimester), lactation period, loperamide capsules are not prescribed for children under 6 years.

Carefully:

Liver failure.

Pregnancy and lactation:

In the II and III trimesters of pregnancy Loperamide can be prescribed in cases where the expected benefit of therapy for the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus. Since a small amount of Loperamide is found in breast milk, taking it during breastfeeding is not recommended.

Dosing and Administration:

Inside, not liquid, squeezed water.

Adults with acute and chronic diarrhea initially assigned 2 capsules (0.004 g), then 1 capsule (0.002 g) after each act of defecation in the case of a loose stool.

In acute diarrhea, children over 6 years of age are prescribed 1 capsule (0.002 g) after each act of defecation in the case of a loose stool.

The maximum daily dose. In acute and chronic diarrhea in adults - 8 capsules (0.016 g); in children - 3 capsules (0.006 g).

After normalization of the stool or in the absence of stool for more than 12 hours, treatment with Loperamide should be discontinued.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions (skin rash), drowsiness or insomnia, dizziness, hypovolemia, electrolyte disorders; dryness of the mucous membrane of the cavity ppma, intestinal colic, gastralgia, pain or discomfort in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, flatulence. Rarely - urinary retention, extremely rare - intestinal obstruction.

Overdose:

Symptoms: oppression of the central nervous system (stupor, impaired coordination, drowsiness, miosis, muscle hypertension, respiratory depression), intestinal obstruction.

Treatment: antidote - naloxone; Considering that the duration of action of loperamide is greater than that of naloxone, it is possible to re-introduce the latter. Symptomatic treatment: Activated carbon, gastric lavage, artificial ventilation.

Medical surveillance is necessary for at least 48 hours.

Interaction:

Not noted.

Special instructions:

If there is no effect after 2 days of Loperamide use, consult a doctor.

If the treatment develop constipation or bloating, loperamide should be canceled.

In patients with impaired liver function, careful monitoring of signs of toxic CNS damage is necessary.

During the treatment of diarrhea, it is necessary to replenish the loss of fluid and electrolytes.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially dangerous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Form release / dosage:Capsules 2 mg.

Packaging:

10 capsules per circuit cell packaging from film polyvinylchloride and aluminum foil. For 1, 2 contour squares are placed in a pack of cardboard along with instructions for use.

Storage conditions:

Store in a dry place, protected from light, out of reach of children, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

Shelf life:

2 years. Do not use at the expiration date indicated on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:Without recipe

Registration number:LS-000761

Date of registration:02.11.2010

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:PRODUCTION OF MEDICINES, LTD. PRODUCTION OF MEDICINES, LTD. Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

PRODUCTION OF MEDICINES, LTD. Russia

Information update date: & nbsp02.04.2018

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Loperamide (Loperamide)