Stimulates the regeneration of cartilaginous tissue. Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are involved in the synthesis of connective tissue, helping to prevent cartilage destruction processes and stimulating tissue regeneration. The introduction of exogenous glucosamine enhances the production of the cartilaginous matrix and provides non-specific protection against chemical damage to the cartilage.
Glucosamine in the form of a sulfate salt is a precursor of hexosamine, and the sulfate anion is necessary for the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans. Another possible function of glucosamine is to protect the damaged cartilage from metabolic destruction caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticosteroid, as well as its own moderate anti-inflammatory effect.
Chondroitin sulfate regardless of whether it is absorbed in an intact form or as separate components, serves as an additional substrate for the formation of a healthy cartilage matrix. Stimulates the formation of hyaluronone, the synthesis of proteoglycans and collagen type II, and also protects hyaluronone from enzymatic cleavage (by suppressing the activity of hyaluronidase) and the damaging effect of free radicals; maintains the viscosity of the synovial fluid, stimulates mechanisms of cartilage repair. In the treatment of osteoarthritis, it alleviates the symptoms of the disease and reduces the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.