Glucosamine
Absorption
In humans, the bioavailability of glucosamine for oral administration is 25%.
Distribution
After absorption of the oral dose, radiolabeled glucosamine initially found in the components of the plasma and later penetrates into the tissues. The highest concentrations were found in the liver, kidneys and articular cartilage. About 30% of the dose is persistently persistent in the tissues of bones and muscles.
Elimination
The fraction of glucosamine that is not metabolized or does not bind to plasma proteins is excreted mainly in the urine. Most of the drug found in the stool after ingestion is an unabsorbed fraction.The final half-life of the drug bound to plasma proteins is 68 h.
Chondroitin sulfate
Absorption
When chondroitin sulfate is taken orally once in a dose of 0.8 g (or twice a day at a dose of 0.4 g) the concentration of chondroitin sulfate in plasma rises sharply over a period of 24 hours. Absolute bioavailability is 12%.
Metabolism
Chondroitin sulfate is metabolized by desulfurization (after introduction of low-molecular chondroitin sulfate).
Elimination
Chondroitin sulfate is excreted by urine. The half-life is 310 min.