Water is the most universal solvent, the basis of not only the most diverse transfusion preparations, but also biological fluids and tissues (blood, lymph, cell plasma, etc.) is necessary for constant metabolic processes.
Under normal conditions water excreted in urine, feces, with sweat and with breathing. Loss of fluid with sweat, with breathing and with caloric masses occurs independently of the introduction of fluid. Maintaining adequate hydration requires 30-45 ml / kg / day of water in adults, and in children - 45-100 ml / kg, in infants - 100-165 ml / kg.
Water for injection serves for the preparation of infusion and injection solutions, providing optimal conditions for the compatibility and effectiveness of substrates and water. Water for injections - a hypotonic environment in relation to the tissues of the body, therefore in its pure form causes a somewhat greater irritation than isotonic solutions or, prepared on the basis of water for injection, solutions (for parenteral administration, eye drops, etc.). When injecting pure water for injection into the vein, hemolysis may occur, however, the slow administration of a small amount practically does not have this effect. therefore water for injections safe as a solvent preparations (according to the instructions for use), prepared with water for injection.