Nicotinic acid - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Is a substrate for the synthesis of nicotinadenine nucleotide (NAD-codeegirdase I) and nicotinadenine nucleotide phosphate (NADP-codeogirdase II), which accept and transfer protons in oxidation-reduction reactions, providing all types of exchange, including energy. It improves nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism, provides tissue respiration.

With a lack of nicotinic acid, a pellagra develops.

It has a vasodilating effect, improves microcirculation, manifests fibrinolytic activity by decreasing platelet aggregation. Has hypolipidemic activity, lowers the cholesterol / phospholipids in hypercholesterolemia.

Pharmacokinetics:

After ingestion after meals, up to 60-70% is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. It is distributed in all tissues of the body. It penetrates the placental barrier and enters the breast milk.

Therapeutic effect develops after the reception. Metabolism in the liver.

The half-life is 45 minutes. Elimination by the kidneys.

Indications:

It is used for the treatment of pellagra, neuritis of the facial nerve, hepatitis, gastritis with low acidity, atherosclerosis, infectious diseases, spasms of cerebral vessels, kidneys, limbs. Used for the healing of flaccid wounds and ulcers, including diabetes mellitus.

ICD-10

XI.K70-K77.K73 Chronic hepatitis, not elsewhere classified

I.B15-B19.B18 Chronic viral hepatitis

I.B15-B19.B16 Acute hepatitis B

I.B15-B19.B15 Acute hepatitis A

I.B15-B19 Viral hepatitis

IV.E00-E07.E05 Thyrotoxicosis [hyperthyroidism]

XI.K20-K31.K29 Gastritis and duodenitis

XI.K70-K77.K74 Fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver

IX.I80-I89.I83.9 Varicose veins of lower limbs without ulcer or inflammation

IX.I80-I89.I83.2 Varicose veins of the lower extremities with ulcer and inflammation

Contraindications:

Uncontrolled arterial hypertension, angina pectoris, glaucoma, individual intolerance.

Carefully:

Peptic ulcer.

Pregnancy and lactation:

Recommendations for FDA - Category C. Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.

Dosing and Administration:

Use in children

With pellagra, inside:

0-3 years: 5-9 mg / day;

4-6 years: 12 mg / day;

7-10 years: 13 mg / day;

11-18 years 15-20 mg / day - for boys, 13-15 mg / day for girls.

Adults

Inside after eating, 0.1 g 3-4 times / day. Parenteral: 1ml of 1% solution 1-2 times / day.

The highest daily dose for parenteral administration: 0.3 g; inside - 0.1 g.

The highest single dose for parenteral administration: 0.1 g; inside - 0,5 g.

Side effects:

With rapid intravenous injection - a sensation of blood rush to the head, hyperemia of the facial skin and upper body, there may be a significant reduction in blood pressure.

Allergic reactions. With prolonged use, the development of fatty liver dystrophy is possible.

Overdose:

Generalized hyperemia of the skin, hepatitis, itching.

Treatment is symptomatic.

Interaction:

At simultaneous application with the vitamin preparations containing a nicotinic acid the strengthening of adverse effects is noted.

When you drink alcohol during treatment, it may cause itching and rashes.

With simultaneous use with statins, the risk of rhabdomyolysis and acute hepatic insufficiency increases.

Special instructions:

Subcutaneous and intramuscular injection is accompanied by painful sensations, the drug is administered intravenously slowly.

With long-term treatment, methionine is recommended for the prevention of fatty liver dystrophy.

Instructions

A nicotinic acid (Acidum nicotinicum)