Active substanceLetrozoleLetrozole
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  • Dosage form: & nbspfilm coated tablets
    Composition:

    One film-coated tablet contains: active substance: letrozole - 2.50 mg;

    Excipients: lactose monohydrate 45.00 mg, sodium carboxymethyl starch 13.00 mg, microcrystalline cellulose 24.50 mg, hypromellose 2.00 mg, silicon dioxide colloid 2.00 mg, magnesium stearate 1.00 mg.

    Composition of the film shell: white instachout IC-S-010 (hypromellose 1.8 mg, macrogol-6000 0.36 mg, talc 0.09 mg, titanium dioxide 0.75 mg) - 3.00 mg.

    Description:

    Round biconvex tablets coated with a film coat, white.

    Pharmacotherapeutic group:Antitumor agent, estrogen synthesis inhibitor
    ATX: & nbsp

    L.02.B.G.04   Letrozole

    L.02.B.G   Enzyme Inhibitors

    Pharmacodynamics:

    An antineoplastic agent, a non-steroidal selective aromatase inhibitor, an enzyme for the synthesis of estrogens, has an antiestrogenic effect. In postmenopausal women, estrogens are formed predominantly with the aromatase enzyme, which turns androgens synthesized in the adrenal glands (primarily androstenedione and testosterone), into estrone and estradiol. Letrozole reduces aromatase activity due to highly specific competitive binding to the prosthetic group of this enzyme - heme cytochrome P450. As a result, the synthesis of estrogens is blocked, both in peripheral and in tumor tissues.

    Daily intake of letrozole in a daily dose of 0.1 to 5 mg leads to a decrease in the concentration of estradiol, estrone and estrone sulfate in the blood plasma by 75 to 95% of the baseline.The maximum suppression of the synthesis of estrogens is achieved on the 2nd - 3rd day of therapy with the drug and is maintained throughout the treatment.

    In women with estrogen-dependent malignant breast tumors that developed during the menopause, the drug, reducing the concentration of circulating estrogens and suppressing their synthesis in tumor tissue, leads to regression of tumors (in 23 % of cases) and a decrease in the number of relapses and deaths.

    Adjuvant therapy with letrozole early stages of breast cancer reduces the risk of progression, increases the disease-free survival for 5 years, reduces the risk of developing a tumor of another breast.

    With extended adjuvant therapy letrozol reduces the risk of progression by 42%. The therapy with letrozole reduces the mortality among patients with lymph node involvement by 40%.

    Possessing high specificity with respect to the enzyme aromatase, letrozole does not cause disturbances in the synthesis of steroid hormones in the adrenal glands, therefore, additional administration of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids is not required. Suppression of the biosynthesis of estrogens does not lead to the accumulation of androgens, which are precursors of estrogens.On the background of therapy with letrozole, there were no changes in the concentrations of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones in the blood plasma, as well as changes in thyroid function, changes in the lipid profile, increased frequency of myocardial infarction and strokes.

    Pharmacokinetics:

    Suction and distribution:

    Quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability - 99.9% (food intake slightly slows down the rate of absorption). The maximum concentration (CmOh) in the blood plasma is achieved after 1 hour after taking letrozole on an empty stomach (mean CmOh- 129 ± 20.3 nmol / l) and 2 hours after ingestion with food (mean CmOh - 98.7 ± 18.6 nmol / l). At the same time, the degree of absorption of letrozole AUC (the area under the "concentration-time" curve) does not depend on food intake. Connection with plasma proteins - 60% (55% with albumin). Concentration in erythrocytes - 80% of its content in plasma.

    The time to achieve a steady-state concentration in the blood plasma at a daily dose of 2.5 mg letrozole is 2-6 weeks. The steady-state concentration in 1,5-2 times higher than calculated on the basis of data obtained after a single dose of the drug, which demonstrates some deviation of pharmacokinetics from linearity in long-term treatment.The steady-state concentration is maintained throughout the therapy, but no cumulation occurs.

    The apparent volume of distribution during the period of stable equilibrium is 1.87 l / kg.

    Metabolism and excretion:

    It is metabolized primarily in the liver with the participation of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes to form a pharmacologically inactive carbinol derivative (4,4'-methanol-dibenzonitrile). About 75% of the dose of letrozole received is excreted by the kidneys in the form of a glucuronide of the carbinol derivative, about 9% in the form of unidentified metabolites and about 6% - unchanged; to a lesser extent is excreted through the intestine. The half-life (T1/2) - about 48 hours.

    Patients of certain age groups: Pharmacokinetic Parameters letrozola do not depend on the patient's age.

    With renal insufficiency pharmacokinetics of the drug does not change.

    Dysfunction of the liver: For mild to moderate liver function disorders (classes A and B on the Child-Pugh scale), the mean values AUC higher by 37%, however, they do not go beyond the range of values ​​obtained for persons without violations of the liver function. In patients with cirrhosis of the liver and severe impairment of its function (class C on the Child-Pugh scale) AUC increases almost 2-fold, and the total clearance of letrozole decreases by 47%.However, given the good tolerability of high doses of the drug (5-10 mg / day), dose adjustment is not required.

    Indications:

    - Common hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women (first-line therapy).

    - Early stages of invasive breast cancer (cells of which have receptors for hormones) in postmenopausal women (as adjuvant therapy).

    - Early stages of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women after completion of standard adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for 5 years (as extended adjuvant therapy).

    - Common breast cancer in the development of recurrence or progression of the disease in postmenopausal women (natural or induced artificially) who received previous therapy with antiestrogens.

    Contraindications:

    - Hypersensitivity to letrozole or any other component of the drug.

    - Premenopause.

    - Children and adolescence under 18 years.

    - Endocrine status characteristic of the reproductive period.

    Carefully:

    - Severe hepatic insufficiency (class C on the Child-Pugh scale).

    - Severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min).

    - Simultaneous application with powerful inhibitors of isoenzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2A6.

    - Deficiency of lactase, intolerance to galactose, glucose-galactose malabsorption.

    Pregnancy and lactation:

    Contraindicated because there are no clinical studies for this category of patients.

    According to the results of preclinical studies letrozole has an embryotoxic and fetotoxic effect, therefore, in case of pregnancy during therapy with the drug, the patient should be warned about the potential danger of continued treatment with letrozole for the fetus.

    Dosing and Administration:

    Method of application - inside. Take 2.5 mg once a day, regardless of food intake, daily, during the entire period of the disease progression.

    Adjuvant therapy with letrozole should be performed for 5 years or until relapse, prolonged adjuvant therapy with letrozole after 5 years of tamoxifen therapy should not be performed until relapse.

    In the neoadjuvant (pre-operative period), treatment with the drug should continue for 4-8 months to achieve an optimal reduction in tumor size.If the tumor does not reach an adequate response to treatment, the drug should be stopped, it is necessary to decide the question of surgical or other types of treatment.

    Patients with impaired hepatic function

    With minor and moderate violations of liver function, dose adjustment is not required (class A or B on the Child-Pugh scale). Data on the use in patients with severe impairment of liver function (class C on the Child-Pugh scale) is not enough, and therefore the use of the drug in such patients should be carried out with constant monitoring of the doctor.

    Patients with impaired renal function

    In case of impaired renal function (creatinine clearance ≥10 ml / min), dose adjustment is not required. Data on the use in patients with clearance of creatinine <10 ml / min is not enough.

    Patients aged 65 years old

    In elderly patients, dose adjustment is not required.
    Side effects:

    Adverse reactions in most cases are weak or moderately expressed and are mainly associated with suppression of the synthesis of estrogens.

    Frequency of side effects: very often occurring - 1 out of 10 appointments (> 10% of patients), often - 1/100 appointments (> 1% and <10%), infrequently - 1/1000 appointments (> 0.1% and <1 %), rarely - 1/10000 appointments (> 0.01% and <0.1%), very rarely - 1/10000 prescriptions (<0.01%).

    From the nervous system: often - headache, dizziness, a sense of chronic fatigue (asthenia); infrequently - anxiety, nervousness, irritability, drowsiness, insomnia, memory impairment, dysesthesia, hypoesthesia, impaired taste, cerebral circulation, depression, paresthesia, carpal tunnel syndrome.

    From the side of the organ of vision: infrequently - cataract, eye irritation, visual impairment.

    From the cardiovascular system: infrequently - sensation palpitations, tachycardia, thrombophlebitis of the superficial and deep veins, increased blood pressure, coronary heart disease (angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure), thromboembolism; rarely - embolism of the pulmonary artery, thrombosis of the arteries, stroke.

    On the part of the hematopoiesis system: infrequently, leukopenia.

    From the respiratory system, chest and mediastinum: infrequently - shortness of breath, cough.

    From the digestive system: often - nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, constipation, diarrhea, anorexia, increased appetite; infrequently - pain in the abdomen, stomatitis, a feeling of dryness in the mouth.

    From the liver and bile ducts: infrequently - increased activity of "liver" transaminases; very rarely - hepatitis.

    From the skin and subcutaneous tissues: often - alopecia, dry skin, vesicular and psoriasis-like rash; frequency unknown - angioedema, Lyell's syndrome (toxic epidermal necrolysis), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (malignant polymorphic exudative erythema).

    From the genitourinary system: infrequently - vaginal dryness, pain in the mammary glands, vaginal bleeding, leukorrhea, frequent urination, urinary tract infections.

    From the musculoskeletal system: very often - arthralgia; often - myalgia, bone pain, osteoporosis, bone fractures; infrequently - arthritis; frequency is unknown - a snapping finger syndrome.

    Allergic reactions: often - skin rash (including erythematous and maculopapular), infrequently - skin itching, hives, anaphylactic reactions.

    Benign, malignant and unspecified neoplasms (including cysts and polyps): infrequently - pain in tumor foci.

    Other: very often - paroxysmal sensations of heat (hot flashes); often - peripheral edema, weight gain,hypercholesterolemia; infrequently - weight loss, increased sweating, generalized edema, dry mucous membranes, thirst, fever.

    Overdose:

    There are separate reports of cases of dozethozin overdose. Specific treatments for overdose are not known; Symptomatic and supportive therapy is indicated.

    Interaction:

    Letrozole is metabolized predominantly in the liver with the participation of isoenzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2A6 cytochrome P450. The systemic elimination of letrozole may be affected by drugs that affect these isozymes. Metabolism letrozola demonstrates a low affinity with isoenzyme CYP2A4, since this isoenzyme in conventional clinical situations at concentrations 150 times higher than the equilibrium values ​​of letrozole in blood plasma does not have the ability to suppress the metabolism of letrozole.

    Drugs that lead to an increase in the concentration of letrozole in the blood serum. Inhibitor inhibitors CYP3A4 and CYP2A6 can reduce the metabolism of letrozole, thereby increasing its concentration in the blood serum. Simultaneous application of powerful inhibitors of these isoenzymes (for isoenzyme CYP3A4 such are, for example, ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, ritonavir, clarithromycin and telithromycin; for isoenzyme CYP2A6 - metoksalen) can lead to an increase in the exposure of letrozole. Care should be taken when using letrozole and potent inhibitors of isoenzymes at the same time CYP3A4 and CYP2A6.

    Medications, leading to a decrease in the concentration of letrozole in the blood serum. Inductors of isoenzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2A6 are able to increase the metabolism of letrozole, thereby reducing its concentration in the blood serum. Simultaneous application of inducers of these isoenzymes (for isoenzyme CYP3A4 such are, for example, phenytoin, rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, St. John's wort pitted) may lead to a decrease in the exposure of letrozole; for isoenzyme CYP2A6 - Inductors are not known.

    Simultaneous use of the drug and tamoxifen in a dose of 20 mg / day leads to a decrease in the concentration of letrozole in the blood serum by an average of 38%. Clinical data on the effect on the efficacy and safety of the drug after the application of tamoxifen is not available. Medicinal preparations, whose concentration in serum depends on the use of letrozole. In vitro letrozole inhibits isoenzyme CYP2A6 cytochrome P450 and slightly CYP2C19, the clinical significance of this phenomenon is not established. Care must be taken when concurrent use of letrozole with drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, the excretion of which depends primarily on isoenzyme CYP2C19 (eg, phenytoin, clopidogrel). Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index for isoenzyme CYPA6 is currently unknown.

    With the simultaneous use of letrozole with cimetidine (a known nonspecific inhibitor of isoenzymes CYP2C19 and CYP3A4) and warfarin (sensitive isoenzyme substrate CYP2C9 with a narrow therapeutic window, which is often prescribed as a concomitant therapy for patients receiving letrozole) clinically significant interactions are not observed.

    Special instructions:

    Patients with severe impairment of liver and kidney function should be under constant supervision.

    The drug is not indicated for the treatment of breast cancer that does not contain receptors for steroid hormones (estrogen or progesterone). During therapy with the drug, given the potential for pregnancy,women in the perimenopausal and early postmenopausal period should use reliable contraceptive methods before establishing a stable postmenopausal hormonal status. Since the drug is used only in patients in postmenopause, in the case of an unclear status of hormonal regulation of the function of the reproductive system, a study is recommended to determine the concentration of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and / or estradiol before treatment. Increasing the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone in the blood plasma leads to stimulation of the growth of follicles and can cause ovulation.

    There are data on the development of osteoporosis and / or the emergence of bone fractures during the application of the drug, and therefore it is recommended that the bone tissue is carefully monitored throughout the period of application of the drug.

    Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

    Some of the side effects of letrozole, such as general weakness and dizziness, can affect the ability to perform potentially hazardous activities requiring attention concentration and reaction speed.When these undesirable phenomena appear, one should refrain from performing these activities.

    Form release / dosage:

    Tablets, film-coated 2.5 mg.

    Packaging:

    10 tablets per contour cell packaging made of polyvinylchloride film and aluminum foil.

    For 3 or 6 contour squares with instructions for use in a cardboard pack.

    For 30 or 60 tablets per polyethylene bottle, the opening of which is covered with aluminum foil, with the cover of the plastic-type wrapping type "press and open".

    1 bottle with instructions for use in a pack of cardboard.
    Storage conditions:

    At a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.

    Keep out of the reach of children.

    Shelf life:

    3 years.

    Do not use after the expiration date.

    Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription
    Registration number:LP-003028
    Date of registration:09.06.2015 / 02.02.2016
    Expiration Date:09.06.2020
    The owner of the registration certificate:JODAS EKSPOIM, LLC JODAS EKSPOIM, LLC Russia
    Manufacturer: & nbsp
    Representation: & nbspJodas Expoim, Open CompanyJodas Expoim, Open Company
    Information update date: & nbsp05.03.2018
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