Pyridoxine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Vitamin B₆. It plays an important role in the metabolism; is necessary for the normal functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system. In the phosphorylated form pyridoxine is a coenzyme of a large number of enzymes that act on a non-oxidative exchange of amino acids (including decarboxylation and transamination processes). Pyridoxine participates in the exchange of tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, glutamic and other amino acids. It plays an important role in the exchange of histamine. Pyridoxine promotes the normalization of lipid metabolism. It is used to activate metabolic processes in myofibrils, especially with myocardial hypoxia.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorbed in the ileum. Metabolized in the liver with the formation of pharmacologically active metabolites (pyridoxalphosphate and pyridoxamino phosphate). Distribution is predominantly in the muscles, liver and CNS. Penetrates through the placenta and into the mother's milk.

It is excreted by the kidneys (excess daily intake is released unchanged), with intravenous administration - with feces (2%).

Indications:

B₆-hypovitaminosis, toxicosis of pregnant women, sideroblastic anemia, leukopenia, central nervous system diseases (Parkinsonism, small chorea, Little's disease, radiculitis, neuritis, neuralgia, Meniere's disease), sea and air diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes, seborrhea-like and non-seborrheic dermatitis, herpes zoster, neurodermatitis,psoriasis, exudative diathesis, use of isoniazid group drugs.

Effective in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome - reduces depression, agitation and anxiety when applied at a dose of 50-100 mg per day.

ICD-10

IV.E50-E64.E53.1 Pyridoxine deficiency

IV.E50-E64.E53 Insufficiency of other B vitamins

I.B00-B09.B02.9 Shingles without complications

XIX.T66-T78.T75.3 Motion Slicking

VIII.H80-H83.H81.0 Ménière's disease

IX.I70-I79.I70 Atherosclerosis

VI.G80-G83.G80.0 Spastic Cerebral Palsy

III.D70-D77.D72 Other disorders of white blood cells

VI.G20-G26.G21 Secondary Parkinsonism

IV.E10-E14.E14 Diabetes mellitus, unspecified

XII.L20-L30.L30.9 Dermatitis, unspecified

XII.L20-L30.L20 Atopic dermatitis

XII.L40-L45.L40 Psoriasis

Contraindications:Hypersensitivity to pyridoxine.

Carefully:

With severe liver damage pyridoxine in high doses can cause deterioration of its function.

With caution apply for peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, IHD.

Pregnancy and lactation:

It is possible to use pyridoxine during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) according to the indications. Recommendations FDA category A and C (if the dose exceeds the recommended dose).Parenteral administration in high doses during pregnancy can lead to a syndrome of dependence in newborns.

There is no information on the penetration into breast milk.

Dosing and Administration:

For the treatment of vitamin B deficiency₆ adults inside - 80 mg 4 times a day. It is also possible intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous administration in a daily dose of 50-150 mg. The duration of treatment is determined by the type and severity of the disease.

For the prevention of vitamin B deficiency₆ apply at a dose of 40 mg per day.

Side effects:

In some cases: allergic reactions, hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid.

Overdose:

At a dose of 200 mg per day for 30 days or more - the syndrome of dependence.

Reception in high doses (2-6 g per day) for several months: neuropathy with progressive gait disturbance, numbness in the legs, awkwardness of the hands and feet (reversible upon cancellation).

Interaction:

The physiological function of vitamins B₁ and B₆is the potentiation of the actions of each other, manifested in a positive effect on the nervous, muscular and cardiovascular systems.

With simultaneous use with hormonal contraceptives, an increase in the concentration of pyridoxine in the blood plasma is possible.

With simultaneous use, potentiates the action of diuretics.

When combined with levodopa, the effects of levodopa are reduced or completely inhibited.

With simultaneous use with isonicotinhydrazide, penicillamine, cycloserine, a decrease in the effectiveness of pyridoxine is possible.

Estrogens or estrogen-containing oral contraceptives increase the need for pyridoxine.

With simultaneous use with phenytoin, phenobarbital, the concentrations in the blood plasma of phenytoin and phenobarbital may decrease.

Special instructions:

Contained in uncooked grains of cereals, vegetables, meat, fish, milk, cod liver and cattle, egg yolk, bananas, peanuts, lima beans, yeast. The need for vitamin B6 satisfies food, in addition, it partially synthesizes the intestinal microflora.

The daily need of adults in pyridoxine is 2-2.5 mg, children aged 6 months to one year - 0.5 mg, at the age of 1-1.5 years - 0.9 mg, aged 1.5-2 years - 1 mg; at the age of 3-4 years - 1,3 mg, at the age of 5-6 years - 1,4 mg, at the age of 7-10 years - 1,7 mg, at the age of 11-13 years - 2 mg. The need for young men aged 14-17 is 2.2 mg, girls aged 14-17 years 1.9 mg, women 2 mg (for pregnant women 0.3 mg, for breast-feeding mothers 0.5 mg) .

Additional intake of vitamin B₆ during pregnancy, it is possible to prevent the disintegration of the dental tissue.

Recommend the use of vitamin B₆ in children and adults in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs (especially with isonicotinic acid preparations) to prevent neurological complications and reduce the severity of side effects.

Instructions

Pyridoxine (Pyridoxinum)