Diphenhydramine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Antagonist of H1-histamine receptors of the first generation. It blocks H1-histamine receptors and eliminates the effects of histamine mediated through this type of receptor. The effect on the central nervous system is due to the blockade of H3-histamine receptors in the brain and the inhibition of central cholinergic structures. Has strong antihistaminic activity, reduces or prevents spasms of smooth muscle caused by histamine, increased capillary permeability, edema of the tissues, itching and flushing. Causes local anesthesia (when ingested, there is a brief numbness in the mucous membranes of the mouth), blocks the holinoretseptory ganglia (lowers blood pressure) and the central nervous system,has sedative, hypnotic, anti-Parkinsonian and antiemetic effects. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself in a greater degree in relation to local vascular reactions in inflammation and allergies than in systemic, ie. lowering blood pressure. In people with local brain damage and epilepsy activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack. Sedation and hypnotic effects are more pronounced with repeated administration.

The onset of action is noted 15-60 minutes after ingestion, duration is 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

Quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability

- 50%. TSmax - 20-40 minutes (in the highest concentration is determined in the lungs, spleen, kidneys, liver, brain and muscles). The connection with plasma proteins is 98-99%. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. Metabolized mainly in the liver, partially

- in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the tissues after 6 hours. The half-life period is 4-10 hours. Within a day it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid.Essential amounts are excreted in milk and can cause sedation in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability may be observed).

Indications:

Allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, itching dermatoses, dermatografism, serum sickness, in the complex therapy of anaphylactic reactions, Quincke's edema and other allergic conditions.

Insomnia, chorea, Meniere's syndrome, sea and air sickness, as an antiemetic.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, zakratougolnaya glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, stenosing peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the neck of the bladder, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, children under 7 months.

Carefully:

With care - pregnancy, lactation.

Pregnancy and lactation:Use with caution.

Dosing and Administration:

Inside. Adults and children older than 14 years of 25-50 mg (1 / 2- 1 tablet) 1-3 times a day. The highest single dose is 100 mg, the daily dose is 250 mg. When insomnia - 50 mg for 20-30 minutes before bedtime. With motion sickness - 25-50 mg every 4-6 hours if necessary.

Children from 7 to 14 years 12.5 - 25 mg (1 / 4-1 / 2 tablets) 1-3 times a day.

In children from 1 to 7 years, it is recommended to use tablets of 30 mg (from 1 to 3 years, the daily dose of 10-30 mg divided into 2-3 doses, from 4 to 6 years, the daily dose of 20 to 45 mg divided by 2 -3 reception).

In children from 7 months to 12 months, the drug can be used in the form of powder, prepared in the prescription and production departments of pharmacies, 3-5 mg 2-3 times a day.

Side effects:Drowsiness, dry mouth, numbness of oral mucosa, dizziness, tremor, nausea, headache, general weakness, decreased speed of psychomotor reaction, photosensitivity, paresis of accommodation, impaired coordination of movements. Children can paradoxically develop insomnia, irritability and euphoria.

Overdose:

Symptoms: depression of the central nervous system, development of excitation (especially in children) or depression, dilated pupils, dry mouth, paresis of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.

Treatment: there is no special antidote. Gastric lavage. If necessary, symptomatic treatment: drugs that increase blood pressure, oxygen, intravenous injection of plasma-substituting fluids.

You can not use adrenaline and analeptics.

Interaction:

Strengthens the action of ethanol and drugs that depress the central nervous system.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors increase the anticholinergic activity of diphenhydramine.

Antagonistic interaction is noted when co-administered with psychostimulants.

Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic in the treatment of poisoning. Strengthens the anticholinergic effects of drugs with cholinoblocking activity.

Special instructions:

During treatment with diphenhydramine, sun exposure and the use of ethanol should be avoided.

It is necessary to inform the doctor about the use of this drug: an antiemetic effect may make it difficult to diagnose appendicitis and to recognize the symptoms of an overdose of other medicines.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:Patients who engage in potentially hazardous activities requiring increased attention and rapid mental reactions should be careful.

Form release / dosage:Tablets 0.05 g.

Packaging:

10 tablets in a contour non-jawed package of paper with a polymer coating.1 contour non-cellular package together with the instruction for use is placed in the cover of paper coated or cardboard.

10 tablets in a contour mesh box made of polyvinylchloride film and aluminum foil or paper with polyethylene coating.

10, 20 tablets in cans of polymeric.

10, 20 tablets in cans of orange glass with a triangular aureole, ukuporennyh plastic stretched lids with sealing element.

Each jar or 1, 2 contour packs together with the instruction for use is placed in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions:In a dark place out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:5 years. Do not use after the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:P N002073 / 01

Date of registration:08.12.2008

The owner of the registration certificate:BIOSINTEZ, PAO BIOSINTEZ, PAO Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

BIOSINTEZ, PAO Russia

Information update date: & nbsp09.02.2016

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Dimedrol (Dimedrol)